半同步复制模型

半同步复制模型：顾名思义就是复制一部分，跟主库的数据有可能不一样。再完整的主从机制，从库有时也会落后于主库。
如何实现半同步复制呢？
半同步复制步骤：

（1）在半同步之前设置一主一从，也可以一主多从。
（2）主从复制之后，主从分别安装所需插件。通过rpm  -ql  mariadb-server查询所需插件。
（3）安装插件之前，关闭从数据库同步功能。

配置过程：两台主机

主库	从库
10.5.100.207	10.5.100.208

NODE1节点

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
skip_name_resolve=ON
innodb_file_per_table=ON
log-bin=mysql-bin
[root@node1 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'10.5.100.208' identified by 'replpass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      498 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

NODE2从节点；

[root@node2 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
skip_name_resolve=ON
innodb_file_per_table=ON
log-bin=mysql-bin

[root@node2 mysql]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.64-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> change master to
    -> 
    -> master_host='10.5.100.207',
    -> master_user='repluser',
    -> master_password='replpass',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',
    -> master_log_pos=498;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.5.100.207
                  Master_User: repluser
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 498
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-log.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 529
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 
       Replicate_Ignore_Table: 
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: 
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: 
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error: 
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 498
              Relay_Log_Space: 817
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File: 
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: 
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: 
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error: 
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error: 
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: 
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

NODE2节点
安装所需插件，关闭从数据库同步功能。

MariaDB [(none)]> stop slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@node1 ~]# rpm -ql mariadb-server #查看主从库所需插件

MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
安装从库插件
MariaDB [(none)]>  show global variables like '%semi%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                   | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled     | OFF   |     从库半同步功能没有开启
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32    |
+---------------------------------+-------+
MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=ON;    开启半同步复制功能
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 

NODE1节点；

MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
安装主库所需插件
MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like '%semi%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled       | OFF   |    主从半同步功能未开启。
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout       | 10000 |    从库同步的超时时长
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level   | 32    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON    |    主库是否等待从库同步完成   
+------------------------------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=ON;    开启主库半同步功能。
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

开启从库同步功能，在NODE1中写入数据，验证从库同步情况

MariaDB [(none)]> create database mohan;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like '%semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+---------+
| Variable_name                              | Value   |
+--------------------------------------------+---------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients               | 1       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time     | 743     |    表示主库平均等待时长
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time         | 2231    |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits             | 3       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times              | 0       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx                 | 0       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status                | ON      |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures     | 0       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time      | 2010996 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time          | 6032989 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits              | 3       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions         | 0       |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx                | 3       |
+--------------------------------------------+---------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

如何定制复制过滤器：让从节点复制指定的数据库，或指定数据库的指定表
讲述如何让从节点复制指定的数据库。
NODE1主节点；

[root@node1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=1
skip_name_resolve=ON
innodb_file_per_table=ON
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_do_db=yan          这是指定从数据库复制的白名单
binlog_ignore_db=shuo     这是指定从数据库复制的黑名单。

[root@node1 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mohan              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| yan                |
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 |      245 | yan          | shuo             |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create database shuo;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 |      245 | yan          | shuo             |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

验证从节点的复制情况；

MariaDB [mohan]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mohan              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
| yan                |    这里可以看出从数据库只复制了yan，没有复制shuo这个数据库。
+--------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

总结一点：半同步复制是说当客户向主库写入数据时是否，主库是否等待从库复制完成后，在接受新的数据