转自:http://blog.csdn.net/lc19850921/article/details/8982315
创建抽屉导航
导航抽屉是在 屏幕左侧边缘的 应用主导航选项的面板. 它大多数时间是隐藏的, 但当用户用手指从屏幕的左侧滑动, 或者当用户点击应用顶部工具栏的应用图标的时候, 它就会显示.
此课程是描述 怎样有效的使用在Support Library中的DrawLayout接口 去实现一个导航抽屉.
创建一个抽屉布局
添加一个抽屉, 声明UI的时候需要吧DrawLayout作为你的布局文件的根视图(root view). 在DrawLayout里面, 添加一个主要内容的视图(当抽屉导航隐藏的时候你的主要的布局文件), 和另一个包含导航抽屉的视图.
举例来说, 下面的布局使用了DrawLayout, 它有2个子视图: 一个FrameLayout包含主要的内容, 一个ListView的导航抽屉.
- <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
- xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent">
- <!-- The main content view -->
- <FrameLayout
- android:id="@+id/content_frame"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent" />
- <!-- The navigation drawer -->
- <ListView android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
- android:layout_width="240dp"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:layout_gravity="start"
- android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
- android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
- android:dividerHeight="0dp"
- android:background="#111"/>
- </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
- 主要内容的视图(FrameLayout)必须是DrawLayout的第一个子元素, 因为导航抽屉是在主要内容视图的上面.
- 主要内容视图设置为匹配父视图的宽度和高度, 因为它代表了整个界面导航抽屉是隐藏的.
- 抽屉视图(ListView)必须指定其水平重力与android:layout_gravity属性。支持从右到左(RTL)语言,指定值与
"start"
代替"left"
(所以抽屉里出现在布局的右侧当布局是RTL时).
- 抽屉视图指定其宽度用dp单位和高度匹配父视图。抽屉里的宽度不能超过320 dp, 所以用户总是可以看到主要内容视图的一部分.
初始化抽屉列表
在你的Activity中, 第一件事就是初始化导航抽屉列表里面的元素, 你如何做取决于你的应用程序的内容,但一个导航抽屉通常包括一个ListView, 因此清单应该由一个Adapter填充(例如ArrayAdapter或SimpleCursorAdapter).
例如, 这里演示了如何用String array来初始化一个导航列表.
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private String[] mPlanetTitles;
- private ListView mDrawerList;
- ...
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- mPlanetTitles = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.planets_array);
- mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);
- // Set the adapter for the list view
- mDrawerList.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
- R.layout.drawer_list_item, mPlanetTitles));
- // Set the list's click listener
- mDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new DrawerItemClickListener());
- ...
- }
- }
处理导航点击事件
当用户选择了抽屉列表里面的一个Item时, 系统调用onItemClickListener上的onItemClick(), 给setOnItemClickListener().
你在onItemClick()方法里面做什么, 取决于你的app实现的结构. 在下面的例子中, 选择每一个Item都会在主要内容的布局中插入一个不同的Fragment.
- private class DrawerItemClickListener implements ListView.OnItemClickListener {
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) {
- selectItem(position);
- }
- }
- /** Swaps fragments in the main content view */
- private void selectItem(int position) {
- // Create a new fragment and specify the planet to show based on position
- Fragment fragment = new PlanetFragment();
- Bundle args = new Bundle();
- args.putInt(PlanetFragment.ARG_PLANET_NUMBER, position);
- fragment.setArguments(args);
- // Insert the fragment by replacing any existing fragment
- FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
- fragmentManager.beginTransaction()
- .replace(R.id.content_frame, fragment)
- .commit();
- // Highlight the selected item, update the title, and close the drawer
- mDrawer.setItemChecked(position, true);
- setTitle(mPlanetTitles[position]);
- mDrawerLayout.closeDrawer(mDrawer);
- }
- @Override
- public void setTitle(CharSequence title) {
- mTitle = title;
- getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
- }
监听打开和关闭事件
侦听抽屉打开和关闭事件,调用你的DrawerLayout setDrawerListener(), 并将其传递给DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的实现. 这个接口提供了回调抽屉事件, 如onDrawerOpened()和onDrawerClosed ()。
然而, 相对于实现DrawerLayout.DrawerListener, 如果你的Activity包括工具栏, 可以代替继承ActionBarDrawerToggle类. ActionBarDrawerToggle实现了DrawerLayout.DrawerListener. 所以你仍然可以覆盖这些回调, 但它也有助于正确的交互行为, 在工具栏的图标和导航抽屉之间(下一节将进一步讨论)。
就像在导航抽屉设计指南一样,当抽屉是可见的时候, 你应该修改工具栏的内容, 如改变标题和删除操作Item. 下面的代码用ActionBarDrawerToggle类的一个实例, 显示了如何重写DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的回调方法:
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
- private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
- private CharSequence mDrawerTitle;
- private CharSequence mTitle;
- ...
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
- ...
- mTitle = mDrawerTitle = getTitle();
- mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
- mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, mDrawerLayout,
- R.drawable.ic_drawer, R.string.drawer_open, R.string.drawer_close) {
- /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
- public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {
- getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
- invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
- }
- /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
- public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
- getActionBar().setTitle(mDrawerTitle);
- invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
- }
- };
- // Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener
- mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
- }
- /* Called whenever we call invalidateOptionsMenu() */
- @Override
- public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
- // If the nav drawer is open, hide action items related to the content view
- boolean drawerOpen = mDrawerLayout.isDrawerOpen(mDrawerList);
- menu.findItem(R.id.action_websearch).setVisible(!drawerOpen);
- return super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);
- }
- }
下一节描述ActionBarDrawerToggle构造函数参数和其他所需的步骤来设置它来处理工具栏的图标.
打开关闭应用图标
用户可以打开和关闭导航抽屉, 通过手指从屏幕左侧的边缘滑动, 但如果你使用工具栏, 你应该也能允许用户打开和关闭它, 通过触摸应用程序图标. 应用程序图标也可以显示一个特殊的图标关于导航抽屉的状态. 你可以实现所有这些行为通过使用ActionBarDrawerToggle, 如前一节所示。
让ActionBarDrawerToggle工作, 创建一个它的实例用它的构造方法, 这就需要以下参数:
- 持有抽屉的Activity.
- DrawerLayout对象.
- 一个Drawable资源作为抽屉指示器.
- 字符串资源描述"打开抽屉"动作.
- 字符串资源描述"关闭抽屉"动作.
然后, 无论你是否已经创建了一个ActionBarDrawerToggle的子类作为你的抽屉的Listener, 你需要在几个Activity生命周期的地方, 调用你的ActionBarDrawerToggle:
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
- private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
- ...
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- ...
- mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
- mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
- this, /* host Activity */
- mDrawerLayout, /* DrawerLayout object */
- R.drawable.ic_drawer, /* nav drawer icon to replace 'Up' caret */
- R.string.drawer_open, /* "open drawer" description */
- R.string.drawer_close /* "close drawer" description */
- ) {
- /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely closed state. */
- public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {
- getActionBar().setTitle(mTitle);
- }
- /** Called when a drawer has settled in a completely open state. */
- public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
- getActionBar().setTitle(mDrawerTitle);
- }
- };
- // Set the drawer toggle as the DrawerListener
- mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
- getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
- getActionBar().setHomeButtonEnabled(true);
- }
- @Override
- protected void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);
- // Sync the toggle state after onRestoreInstanceState has occurred.
- mDrawerToggle.syncState();
- }
- @Override
- public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
- super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
- mDrawerToggle.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
- }
- @Override
- public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
- // Pass the event to ActionBarDrawerToggle, if it returns
- // true, then it has handled the app icon touch event
- if (mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
- return true;
- }
- // Handle your other action bar items...
- return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
- }
- ...
- }
使用最新的android-support-v4.jar
- <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
- xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
- android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
- android:layout_width="match_parent"
- android:layout_height="match_parent">
- <!-- The main content view -->
- ...
- <!-- The navigation drawer -->
- <ListView
- android:id="@+id/left_drawer"
- android:layout_width="120dp"
- android:layout_height="match_parent"
- android:layout_gravity="start"
- android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
- android:divider="@android:color/transparent"
- android:dividerHeight="0dp"
- android:background="#EEA9B8"/>
- </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
- /* 抽屉导航变量 */
- private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout;
- private ListView mDrawerList;
- private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;
- ...
- /* 抽屉导航相关 */
- mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
- mDrawerList = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.left_drawer);
- mDrawerLayout.setDrawerShadow(R.drawable.draw, GravityCompat.RELATIVE_HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK);
- mDrawerList.setAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, getDrawerItems(false),
- R.layout.drawer_item, new String[] { "drawer_img",
- "drawer_title" }, new int[] { R.id.drawer_img,
- R.id.drawer_title }));
- mDrawerList.setOnItemClickListener(new DrawerItemClickListener());
- mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
- this, /* host Activity */
- mDrawerLayout, /* DrawerLayout object */
- R.drawable.draw, /* nav drawer image to replace 'Up' caret */
- R.string.search_label, /* "open drawer" description for accessibility */
- R.string.defalut_text /* "close drawer" description for accessibility */
- ) {
- public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {
- getActionBar().setTitle("onDrawerClosed");
- invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
- }
- public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
- getActionBar().setTitle("onDrawerOpened");
- invalidateOptionsMenu(); // creates call to onPrepareOptionsMenu()
- }
- };
- mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
- ...
- /**
- * 监听抽屉导航item点击事件
- */
- private class DrawerItemClickListener implements ListView.OnItemClickListener {
- @Override
- public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
- selectItem(view, position);
- }
- }
- private boolean flag = false;
- private void selectItem(View view, int position) {
- if (position == 0) {
- if (!flag) {
- mDrawerList.setAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, getDrawerItems(true),
- R.layout.drawer_item, new String[] { "drawer_img",
- "drawer_title" }, new int[] { R.id.drawer_img,
- R.id.drawer_title }));
- flag = true;
- } else {
- mDrawerList.setAdapter(new SimpleAdapter(this, getDrawerItems(false),
- R.layout.drawer_item, new String[] { "drawer_img",
- "drawer_title" }, new int[] { R.id.drawer_img,
- R.id.drawer_title }));
- flag = false;
- }
- } else {
- TextView title = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.drawer_title);
- String cityName = title.getText().toString();
- this.cityInput.setText(cityName);
- }
- }