OpenMP学习笔记 1/10: 简介及OSX设置

Tim Mattson OMP Tutorial系列的学习笔记，油管和B站都能看到视频

Setup on OSX

• tutorial: https://iscinumpy.gitlab.io/post/omp-on-high-sierra/
• install OMP library: brew install libomp
• compile
  • C: clang -Xpreprocessor -fopenmp hello_world.c -o helloworld -lomp
  • C++: clang++ -Xpreprocessor -fopenmp hello_world.cpp -o helloworld -lomp

How threads work

• programming shared memory computers

  • threads:

    • “light weight” processes
    • share Process state among multiple threads -> reduces cost of switching context

  • an instance of a program

    • threads interact through reads/writes to a shared address space
    • OS scheduler decides when to run which threads, interleaved for fairness
    • synchronization to assure every legal order results in correct results

OpenMP overview

• a multi-threading, shared address model
• threads communicate by sharing variables
• unintended sharing of data causes race conditions
  • race condition: when the program’s outcome changes as the threads are scheduled differently
  • to control race condition: use synchronization
  • synchronization is expensive