我的视频课程(基础):《(NDK)FFmpeg打造Android万能音频播放器》
我的视频课程(进阶):《(NDK)FFmpeg打造Android视频播放器》
我的视频课程(编码直播推流):《Android视频编码和直播推流》
目录:
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(一)-环境搭建
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(二)-配置mysql数据库
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(三)-RestFul接口编写(模拟用户注册登录)
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(四)-添加Token拦截器
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(五)-支付宝支付
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(六)-微信支付(Android)
移动大脑-SpringMVc搭建RestFul后台服务(七)-增量更新
话说作为一个移动端的程序猿来写后端服务程序是不是很不专业!其实不然,虽说不能达到很好的性能和很好的健壮性,但对于理解整体的业务逻辑是很有帮助的;再者如果要开发一个简单的有后端有前端的移动APP来说,一个人也能完成所有工作,还是挺好的。这里就给大家介绍怎样用Spring mvc来搭建RestFul类型的后端服务。
还是先看看这篇文章要达到的效果:
访问URL:http://localhost:8080/user/loginByPwd.do?username=ywl5320&password=123456(这里为了方便测试,使用的是get方法,正式项目中应该用post方法)
效果图如下:
这就是一个简单的restful类型的后端服务程序了。那么我们开始搭建吧!
一、环境搭建
1.1、安装Tomact
网上很多相关的教程,这里就不介绍了,如果是在不会也可以问我。
1.2、安装Intellij idea
下载地址(https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/download/),破解也问问度娘吧,很容易的。
二、创建项目
2.1、创建空的maven项目
2.2、填写GroupId(可填包名)和Artifactld(可填项目名称)
2.3、填写项目名称和存储路径完成项目创建
二、添加Spring支持
上一步只是创建了maven的一个空项目,现在需要添加Spring的支持,使之成为一个web项目。
这样就把为项目添加了Spring的支持了。
三、通过maven添加Spring的库和一下基础库(json,日志等)
在文件pom.xml中添加仓库后的代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ywl5320.appservice</groupId>
<artifactId>AppService</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<spring.version>4.2.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
<hibernate.version>5.0.12.Final</hibernate.version>
<jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 使用SpringMVC需配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<!-- json -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
添加完后,并构建一下项目才能右键添加spring相关的文件。
四、在resources中添加beans.xml、springmvc.xml和log4j.properties
4.1、添加beans.xml
beans.xml文件内容如下:spring自动扫描制定包名下的所有注解
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ywl5320.appservice" use-default-filters="false">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
springmvc.xml如下:添加servlet和注解驱动
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ywl5320.appservice">
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
<context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
</context:component-scan>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>
log4j.properties内容如下:直接复制即可
log4j.rootLogger=WARN, stdout, R
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
# Pattern to output the caller's file name and line number.
#log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] (%F:%L) - %m%n
# Print the date in ISO 8601 format
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n
log4j.appender.R=org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.R.File=example.log
log4j.appender.R.MaxFileSize=100KB
# Keep one backup file
log4j.appender.R.MaxBackupIndex=1
log4j.appender.R.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %t %c - %m%n
# Print only messages of level WARN or above in the package com.foo.
log4j.logger.com.foo=WARN
五、配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<!-- 指定Spring 实体类(Bean)的配置文件所在目录,默认配置在WEB-INF目录下,这里我们resources里面的,管理更方便-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:beans.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 把 POST 请求转为 DELETE、PUT 请求 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
web.xml中主要配置Spring的contextConfigLocation、listener、servlet和RestFul配置(post转成delete和put)
这样环境就搭建完成了。
六、最后创建测试文件(这里只用了action层,dao和service暂时没用)
6.1、创建返回给移动端的实体类
FestFulBean.java
package com.ywl5320.appservice.bean;
/**
* Created by ywl on 2017-10-2.
*/
public class FestFulBean<T> {
private int status;
private T data;
private String msg;
public int getStatus() {
return status;
}
public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
}
UserAction.java
package com.ywl5320.appservice.action;
import com.ywl5320.appservice.bean.FestFulBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* Created by ywl on 2017-10-2.
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserAction {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value="/loginByPwd.do", method= RequestMethod.GET)
public FestFulBean<String> loginByPwd(@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password)
{
FestFulBean<String> restful = new FestFulBean<String>();
restful.setData("hello, " + username + " welcom to my website!");
restful.setStatus(0);
restful.setMsg("成功");
return restful;
}
}
其中的注解都是Spring中的基础,不知道可以去看看相关的介绍,知道意思了就会觉得很简单了。
七、配置war和tomact
7.1、配置war包
点击File打开Project Structure
7.2、选择Artifacts,并添加相关库到war中,如图:
7.3、配置tomact
7.3.1、打开tomact配置窗口
7.3.2、点击添加tomact
7.3.3、填写tomact名称并添加7.2中创建的war文件,如图,点击右下角fix可自动添加
八、发布项目并访问
点击tomact叛变的运行按钮即可,发布成功左下边会显示OK状态
这样一个简单的服务器雏形就搭建好了,后面还会慢慢的添加诸如数据库、拦截器等等功能,好了最后祝大家国庆中秋双节快乐阖家欢乐!
源码下载:GitHub(AppServiceRestFul)