Linux 基础命令知识4

打印网络接口列表

 
 
ifconfig | cut -c-10 | tr -d ' ' | tr -s '\n'
eth0
lo
#cut -c-10 只取前10个字符 ， tr -d '' 删除所有的空格 tr -s '\n' 合并换行符 
ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:8c:ff:7a  
          inet addr:192.168.164.140  Bcast:192.168.164.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe8c:ff7a/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:4410 errors:5 dropped:7 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3018 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:4268650 (4.2 MB)  TX bytes:260426 (260.4 KB)
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 
#Hwaddr 为硬地址(Mac地址)
#inet addr ： IP地址
#Bcast :广播地址
#Mask : 子网掩码
#设置网络接口Ip地址
sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.164.142 
#设置子网掩码
sudo ifconfig eth0 netmask 225.225.225.0 
#设置硬件地址 ，在做MAC地址欺骗的时候可能会用上
sudo ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:1c:bf:87:25:d5

DNS查找

 
 
#利用host 命令 或者 nslookup命令对域名进行解析
host www.baidu.com
www.baidu.com is an alias for www.a.shifen.com.
www.a.shifen.com has address 119.75.217.109
www.a.shifen.com has address 119.75.218.70
nslookup www.baidu.com
Server:     127.0.0.1
Address:    127.0.0.1#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com   canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 119.75.217.109
Name:   www.a.shifen.com
Address: 119.75.218.70

查看路由表

 
 
route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.164.0   *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
#或者 -n选项用于展示数字形式地址
route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface