为多线程处理同步数据

用来同步对实例和静态成员的访问箦略:

同步代码区域: 可以使用monitor 类和该类的编译器支持来仅同步需要该类的代码块，从而改善性能。 

C# 都支持使用特定的语言关键字来标记代码块。最终生成的代码将尝试在代码执行时获取锁。如果锁已经被获取，则正在执行的代码将一直等待，直到锁可用为止。当代码退出同步代码块时，锁被释放。还可以用 MethodImplAttribute 和 MethodImplOptions.Synchronized 修饰方法，其效果与使用 Monitor 或一个用于 Monitor 代码块的编译器关键字完全相同。

class MonitorExample {

        //Define the queue to safe thread access.
        private Queue m_inputQueue;

        public MonitorSample()
        {
            m_inputQueue = new Queue();
        }

        //Add an element to the queue and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object.
        public void AddElement(object qValue)
        {
            //Lock the queue.
            Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
            //Add element
            m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);
            //Unlock the queue.
            Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
        }

        //Try to add an element to the queue.
        //Add the element to the queue only if the queue object is unlocked.
        public bool AddElementWithoutWait(object qValue)
        {
            //Determine whether the queue is locked
            if(!Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue))
                return false;
            m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);

            Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
            return true;
        }

        //Try to add an element to the queue.
        //Add the element to the queue only if during the specified time the queue object will be unlocked.
        public bool WaitToAddElement(object qValue, int waitTime)
        {
            //Wait while the queue is locked.
            if(!Monitor.TryEnter(m_inputQueue,waitTime))
                return false;
            m_inputQueue.Enqueue(qValue);
            Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);

            return true;
        }
       
        //Delete all elements that equal the given object and obtain the monitor lock for the queue object.
        public void DeleteElement(object qValue)
        {
            //Lock the queue.
            Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);
            int counter = m_inputQueue.Count;
            while(counter > 0)
            {   
                //Check each element.
                object elm = m_inputQueue.Dequeue();
                if(!elm.Equals(qValue))
                {
                    m_inputQueue.Enqueue(elm);
                }
                --counter;
            }
            //Unlock the queue.
            Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);
        }
       
        //Print all queue elements.
        public void PrintAllElements()
        {
            //Lock the queue.
            Monitor.Enter(m_inputQueue);           
            IEnumerator elmEnum = m_inputQueue.GetEnumerator();
            while(elmEnum.MoveNext())
            {
                //Print the next element.
                Console.WriteLine(elmEnum.Current.ToString());
            }
            //Unlock the queue.
            Monitor.Exit(m_inputQueue);   
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MonitorSample sample = new MonitorSample();
           
            for(int i = 0; i < 30; i++)
                sample.AddElement(i);
            sample.PrintAllElements();
            sample.DeleteElement(0);
            sample.DeleteElement(10);
            sample.DeleteElement(20);
            sample.PrintAllElements();

        }
    }

}

更多详细信息见:

http://msdn2.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/z8chs7ft.aspx