filter是Servlet的一种变种,主要用于对用户请求进行预处理,也可以对HttpServletResponse进行后处理:filter的执行时机:http://yxwang0615.iteye.com/blog/1003880
下面是使用filer过滤用户请求的一个实例:
【验证用户是否登录,如果未登录跳转到登录页面】
LoginFilter.java:创建Filter类必须实现Filter接口
package com.wyx.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class LoginFilter implements Filter{
private FilterConfig config;
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
String encoding = config.getInitParameter("encoding");
String loginPage = config.getInitParameter("loginPage");
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
//将请求转换成HttpServletRequest请求
HttpServletRequest hrequest = (HttpServletRequest)request;
HttpSession session = hrequest.getSession(true);//获取session,参数为true表示没有的时候创建一个,false返回null。
if( !hrequest.getServletPath().endsWith(loginPage) && session.getAttribute("user")== null){
request.setAttribute("tip", "您还没有登录!");
request.getRequestDispatcher(loginPage).forward(request, response);
}else{
//放行请求
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
this.config = filterConfig;
}
public void destroy() {
this.config = null;
}
}
web.xml,在跟节点下加入:
<!-- 定义Filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>checkIsLogin</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.wyx.filter.LoginFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 为filter配置参数 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>GBK</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>loginPage</param-name>
<param-value>/login.jsp</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 定义Filter拦截的URL地址 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>checkIsLogin</filter-name>
<!-- 要拦截的URL -->
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>