TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descripto

在文件:tnsnames.ora:
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.8)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
文件l;istener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(SID_NAME = ORCL)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = “EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll”)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = WIN-GG91GOC8S6A)(PORT = 1521))
)
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = D:\app\Administrator
重启listener:lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

2:ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
进程 ID: 0
会话 ID: 0 序列号: 0
SQL> startup open hstestdb
ORACLE 例程已经启动。
3:Oracle 出现 database not open: queries allowed on fixed tables/views only 的错误
实例已启动，但是数据库没有mount 、 open。 建议看一下oracle启动的过程
sqlplus / as sysdba 脸上之后。

alter database mount ;
alter database open;
执行上面两个之后，就打开数据库了。

启动oracle时，三个状态

started
实例启动，分配一系列内存

mounted
加载数据库控制文件等。（好像是，需要确认）

open
打开数据库。
OK