1 使用maven构建web项目
1.1 创建maven工程
new--》other--》maven--》Maven Project--》next(勾选Create a simple project)
--》填写GroupID、ArtifactID、version、Packaging(选择jar)
1.2 将工程变为web项目
右击项目名称--》Properties--》Project Facets--》点击Convert to facetd form--》勾选DynamicWebModule。
结果:项目中多了一个WebContent目录。
将webcontent目录复制到main目录下并改名为webapp,结果如下图
1.3 设置发布规则
右击项目名称--》Properties--》Deployment Assembly(根据自己的习惯修改)
2 添加spring
2.1 导入架包
使用maven后,导入架包非常简单,只需配置好pom.xml项目就会自动从中央仓库中获取架包。
导入架包时需要填写Group Id和artifact id、version,他们的值可以百度,版本号建议去官网查看,使用稳定版。
2.2 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<!-- 默认访问页面 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>hello.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 通过监听器对spring容器进行实例化 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- spring过滤器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup><!-- 服务器已开启就启动 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 设置Spring配置文件的路径路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
2.3 springMVC-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
">
<!-- 扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.yxd"/>
<!-- -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/View/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
2.4 control
package com.yxd.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
//@RequestMapping表示用那个url来对应
@RequestMapping(value="/hello")
public String printWelcome(ModelMap model){
//model.addAttribute("message","Spring 4 MVC Hello World");
System.out.println("hello");
return "hello";
}
/*
* spring传值
* 页面传进spring:直接在方法中设置一个参数name,自动获取请求中与name名称相同的url参数,
* 如果url没有该参数则name为null
* spring返回页面:使用Model对象addAttribute设置键值对
* 页面显示参数${name}
*/
@RequestMapping(value="helloParam")
public String helloParam(String name,Model model){
System.out.println(name+",helloParam");
model.addAttribute("name", name);
return "hello";
}
public void test1(){
System.out.println("成功!");
}
}
2.5 测试
2.5.1 java Application--测试spring bean
package com.yxd.spring;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import com.yxd.controller.HelloController;
public class TestBean {
public static void main(String args[]){
ApplicationContext ctx =new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springMVC-servlet.xml");
HelloController h=(HelloController)ctx.getBean("helloController");
h.test1();
}
}
2.5.2 Web
在src/main/webapp/View中新建文件hello.jsp--测试springMVC
访问地址:http://localhost:8080/springDemo/helloParam?name=yy
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
View/hello, ${name}!!
</body>
</html>
3 架构
src/main/java:源代码
src/main/resources:配置文件