lvs(DR)+keepalived+nginx+tomcat安装配置

1 LVS DR体系结构

图1 LVS DR体系结构

在LVS DR中，Director（调度器）接收到用户的请求，然后根据负载均衡算法选取一台realserver，将包转发过去，最后由realserver直接回复给用户。

2 准备工作

系统：CentOS 6.3

内核：2.6.32-279.el6.i686

需lvs dr模式需下载如下软件包：

Ø popt-1.14.tar.gz 

Ø libnl-devel-1.1-14.el6.i686.rpm

Ø ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

Ø keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

3 安装LVS、keepalived

1.    # yum install kernel-devel  #没有内核源码的需安装kernel-devel

2.    #tar zxvf popt-1.14.tar.gz 

3.    # cd popt-1.14

4.    #./configure

5.    # make && make install

6.    # rpm -ivh libnl-devel-1.1-14.el6.i686.rpm

7.    #lsmod |grep ip_vs

8.    #uname -r

9.    2.6.32-279.el6.i686

10.  #ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-279.el6.i686/  /usr/src/linux

11.   

12.  #tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.26.tar.gz

13.  #cd ipvsadm-1.26

14.  #make && make install

15.  #find / -name ipvsadm  #查看ipvsadm的位置

16.  /sbin/ipvsadm 17.  /etc/rc.d/init.d/ipvsadm #表明成功安装

18. #tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz

19. #cd keepalived-1.2.7

20. #./configure  &&make && make install

21. #find /-name keepalived  #查看keepalived位置

22. #cp/usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

23. #cp/usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

24. #mkdir/etc/keepalived

25. #cp/usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

26. #cp/usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

27. #servicekeepalived start|stop     #做成系统启动服务方便管理.

 

4 配置高可用lVS分布式集群

4.1 配置Keepalvied

一、在主负载均衡服务器上配置keepalived.conf

#/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   notification_email {
     yydcj@163.com
   }
   notification_email_from yydcj@163.com
   smtp_server smtp.163.com
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER   #备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP
    interface eth0   #承载VIP地址的物理接口
    virtual_router_id 51  #同一个 vrrp_stance,MASTER 和 BACKUP 的 virtual_router_id 是一致的，同时在整个 vrrp 内是唯一的。
    priority 100      # 备份服务上将100改为99
    advert_int 1     #通告间隔秒数
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        172.7.4.201     
       #(如果有多个VIP，继续换行填写.)
    }
}
 
virtual_server 172.7.4.201 8080 {
    delay_loop 6    #(每隔6秒查询realserver状态)
    lb_algo rr         #(lvs 算法)
    lb_kind DR              #(Direct Route)
    nat_mask 255.255.255.0
    persistence_timeout 0     #(同一IP的连接n秒内被分配到同一台realserver,0为随机分配)
    protocol TCP     #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
      
   real_server 172.7.4.250 8080 {
        weight 1    #(权重，使用不同的权重值的目的在于为不同性能的机器分配不同的负载，
                     #性能较好的机器，负载分担大些；反之，性能差的机器，则分担较少的
                     #负载，这样就可以合理的利用不同性能的机器资源。)
            TCP_CHECK {
           connect_port 8080
            connect_timeout 10   #(10秒无响应超时)
            nb_get_retry 3    #重试次数
            delay_before_retry 3  #重试间隔
    }
   }
}

二、 BACKUP 服务器同上配置，先安装 lvs 再按装 keepalived, 仍后配置 /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ，只需将红色标示的部分改一下即可 .

#/etc/init.d/keepalivedstart  启动keepalived服务，keepalived就能利用keepalived.conf配置文件，实现负载均衡和高可用。整个LVS负均衡HA方案，由keepalived.conf一个文件即可搞定！

4.2 配置Realserver脚本

# /usr/local/sbin/realserver.sh
#!/bin/bash
# description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp
#Written by : yydcj@163.com
SNS_VIP=172.7.4.201
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
    ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP
    /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0
    echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1
    echo "RealServer Start OK"
    ;;
stop)
    ifconfig lo:0 down
    route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1
    echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
    echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
    echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
    echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
    echo "RealServer Stoped"
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"
    exit 1
    esac
exit 0

启动realserver  #/usr/local/sbin/realserver.sh start

停止realserver  #/usr/local/sbin/realserver.shstop

4.3 查看高可用lvs服务是否正常

  #watchipvsadm –ln

停掉Master服务器的keepalived服务，查看BAKCUP服务器是否能正常接管服务。