dump_stack的简单使用

    刚刚接触内核，在调试过程中用printk打印信息当然是直接有效的办法，但当我们不知到一个函数或者一个模块到底在哪里出了问题时我们可以利用dump_stack有效的找到问题的根源，下面只是简单的给出了使用方法。
  我在自己的主机上试了一下dump_stack() 

Makefile文件

1. obj-m := hello.o
   
2. KERNELBUILD :=/lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
   
3. default: 
   
4.         make -C $(KERNELBUILD) M=$(shell pwd) modules 
   
5. clean: 
   
6.         rm -rf *.o *.ko *.mod.c .*.cmd *.markers *.order *.symvers .tmp_versions

hello.c文件

1. #include <linux/module.h>
   
2. #include <linux/init.h>
   
3. #include <linux/kprobes.h>
   
4. #include <asm/traps.h>
   
5.  
   
6. MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
   
7.   
   
8. static int __init hello_init(void)
   
9. {
   
10.      printk(KERN_ALERT "dump_stack start\n");
    
11.      dump_stack();
    
12.      printk(KERN_ALERT "dump_stack over\n");
    
13.      return 0;
    
14.  }
    
15.  static void __exit hello_exit(void)
    
16.  {
    
17.       printk(KERN_ALERT "test module\n");
    
18.  }
    
19.  
    
20. module_init(hello_init);
    
21. module_exit(hello_exit);

注意使用dump_stack（）要加上这两个头文件

1. #include <linux/kprobes.h>
   
2. #include <asm/traps.h>

然后make得到hello.ko
在运行insmod hello.ko把模块插入内核
运行dmesg
[ 3719.352022] usb 1-8: new high speed USB device number 11 using ehci_hcd
[ 4266.252826] usb 1-8: USB disconnect, device number 11
[ 5246.942980] dump_stack start
[ 5246.942985] Pid: 3438, comm: insmod Not tainted 3.0.0-21-generic #35-Ubuntu
[ 5246.942987] Call Trace:
[ 5246.942993]  [<ffffffffa0072017>] hello_init+0x17/0x1000 [hello]
[ 5246.942999]  [<ffffffff81002042>] do_one_initcall+0x42/0x180
[ 5246.943003]  [<ffffffff810a011e>] sys_init_module+0xbe/0x230
[ 5246.943006]  [<ffffffff815fd202>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
[ 5246.943008] dump_stack over

打出运行这个模块时调用的函数
删除模rmmod hello

浅析使用dump_stack在driver开发期间清晰查看内核中函数调用流程

void dump_stack(void)
{
    __backtrace();
}

arch/arm/lib/backtrace.S|25| ENTRY(__backtrace)

在 int wlan_init_fw(wlan_private * priv)函数中加入dump_stack();函数,这样我们可以查看执行到我们加在wlan_init_fw()函数中的dump_stack();函数中所有栈中引发入栈动作的层层上级函数们[luther.gliethttp].

luther@gliethttp:~$ insmod sd8688.ko

会打出如下log：
可以看出函数调用的栈视图是这样的[luther.gliethttp]：
dump_stack
<= wlan_init_fw 
<= wlan_add_card
<= wlan_probe
<= sdio_bus_probe
<= driver_probe_device
<= __device_attach
<= bus_for_each_drv
<= device_attach
<= bus_attach_device
<= device_add
<= sdio_add_func
<= mmc_attach_sdio
<= mmc_rescan
<= run_workqueue
<= worker_thread
<= kthread
<= do_exit


[  189.648865] [<c0031514>] (dump_stack+0x0/0x14) from [<bf05b76c>] (wlan_init_fw+0x78/0x364 [sd8688])
[  189.649170] [<bf05b6f4>] (wlan_init_fw+0x0/0x364 [sd8688]) from [<bf05b0b8>] (wlan_add_card+0x1c0/0x4a0 [sd8688])
[  189.649292]  r8:c40e7208 r7:c5684600 r6:c6962000 r5:c539b000 r4:c539b360
[  189.649323] [<bf05aef8>] (wlan_add_card+0x0/0x4a0 [sd8688]) from [<bf088ed8>] (wlan_probe+0x54/0x128 [sd8688])
[  189.649536] [<bf088e84>] (wlan_probe+0x0/0x128 [sd8688]) from [<c020157c>] (sdio_bus_probe+0x70/0x7c)
[  189.649719]  r6:bf0a0aac r5:00000000 r4:c5778400
[  189.649719] [<c020150c>] (sdio_bus_probe+0x0/0x7c) from [<c01ae2bc>] (driver_probe_device+0xac/0x1b0)
[  189.649780]  r7:c01ae3c0 r6:c5778408 r5:bf0a0ac4 r4:c5778408
[  189.649811] [<c01ae210>] (driver_probe_device+0x0/0x1b0) from [<c01ae3d0>] (__device_attach+0x10/0x14)
[  189.649841]  r8:c6962000 r7:c01ae3c0 r6:c5778408 r5:c6963e7c r4:00000000
[  189.649872] [<c01ae3c0>] (__device_attach+0x0/0x14) from [<c01ad33c>] (bus_for_each_drv+0x68/0x94)
[  189.649903] [<c01ad2d4>] (bus_for_each_drv+0x0/0x94) from [<c01ae494>] (device_attach+0x94/0x9c)
[  189.649933]  r7:00000000 r6:00000000 r5:c57784b0 r4:c5778408
[  189.649964] [<c01ae400>] (device_attach+0x0/0x9c) from [<c01ad2a4>] (bus_attach_device+0x4c/0x7c)
[  189.649994]  r5:c5778408 r4:c03bad34
[  189.649994] [<c01ad258>] (bus_attach_device+0x0/0x7c) from [<c01abca4>] (device_add+0x3b4/0x55c)
[  189.650025]  r5:c5778494 r4:c5778408
[  189.650055] [<c01ab8f0>] (device_add+0x0/0x55c) from [<c02013d0>] (sdio_add_func+0x3c/0x58)
[  189.650086] [<c0201394>] (sdio_add_func+0x0/0x58) from [<c0200bdc>] (mmc_attach_sdio+0xf0/0x170)
[  189.650116]  r4:c6de2c00
[  189.650116] [<c0200aec>] (mmc_attach_sdio+0x0/0x170) from [<c01fd294>] (mmc_rescan+0x208/0x28c)
[  189.650147]  r6:00000000 r5:c6963f5c r4:c6de2c00
[  189.650177] [<c01fd08c>] (mmc_rescan+0x0/0x28c) from [<c006c70c>] (run_workqueue+0x15c/0x2c4)
[  189.650208]  r7:c690d808 r6:c01fd08c r5:c690d800 r4:c6de2d74
[  189.650238] [<c006c5b0>] (run_workqueue+0x0/0x2c4) from [<c006d464>] (worker_thread+0xa0/0x124)
[  189.650269]  r8:00000000 r7:c6963fac r6:c690d800 r5:c690db3c r4:c6962000
[  189.650299] [<c006d3c4>] (worker_thread+0x0/0x124) from [<c007046c>] (kthread+0x50/0x7c)
[  189.650330]  r7:00000000 r6:00000000 r5:c006d3c4 r4:c690d800
[  189.650360] [<c007041c>] (kthread+0x0/0x7c) from [<c005eb2c>] (do_exit+0x0/0x704)
[  189.650391]  r5:00000000 r4:00000000