Spring Cloud（4）Eureka：服务注册与发现

需求

将user-service的服务注册到eureka并在consumer-demo中可以根据服务名称调用

服务注册（user-service）

服务注册：在服务提供工程user-service上添加Eureka客户端依赖;自动将服务注册到EurekaServer服务地址列表。

实现步骤

1 添加依赖;

<artifactId>user-service</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 通用Mapper启动器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2 改造启动引导类，添加开启Eureka客户端发现的注解;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.itheima.user.mapper")
@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启Eureka客户端发现功能
public class UserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserApplication.class, args);
    }
}

3 修改配置文件，设置Eureka服务地址

server:
  port: ${port:9091}
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/xueqiutest
    username: root
    password: root
  application:
    # 指定应用的名称
    name: user-service
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.itheima.user.pojo
# 配置eeureka
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka

4 测试

运行Eureka注册中心的引导类（eureka-server）和user-service的引导类，可以在下面的地址http://127.0.0.1:10086/；发现user-service服务，如下图：

服务注册功能实现

服务发现（consumer-demo）

服务发现∶在服务消费工程consumer-demo上添加Eureka客户端依赖；可以使用工具类根据服务名称获取对应的服务地址列表。

实现步骤

1 添加依赖;

<artifactId>consumer-demo</artifactId>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

2 改造启动引导类，添加开启Eureka客户端发现的注解

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringCloudApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启Eureka客户端发现功能
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }

    //注册RestTemplate
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

3 修改配置文件，设置Eureka服务地址

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: consumer-demo
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka

4 改造处理器类ConsumerController，可以使用工具类DiscoveryClient根据服务名称获取对应服务地址列表

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.DefaultProperties;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/consumer")
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "defaultFallback")
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public User queryById(@PathVariable Long id){

        String url = "http://localhost:9091/user/"+id;
        
        //获取eureka中注册的user-service的实例
        List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = discoveryClient.getInstances("user-service");
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = serviceInstances.get(0);

        url = "http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/user/" + id;
        return restTemplate.getForObject(url, User.class);
    }
}

5 测试

测试结果与之前使用分布式的结果一样，便不赘述了

总结

其实只是需要修改三个地方即可

• 添加Eureka客户端依赖

  	<dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
      </dependency>
  

• 添加启动引导类注解

  @EnableDiscoveryClient //开启Eureka客户端发现功能
  

• 修改配置：增加服务的名称和注册中心的地址

spring:
  application:
    name: consumer-demo
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:10086/eureka