遍历二叉树

 

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二叉树由三个基本单元组成：根结点、左子树、右子树

问题：如何不重复地访问二叉树中每一个结点？

二、遍历二叉树的三种方法：

先序 1 访问根结点
2 先序访问左子树
3 先序访问右子树
中序 1 中序访问左子树
2 中序访问根结点
3 中序访问右子树
后序 1 后序访问左子树
2 后序访问右子树
3 访问根结点

三、递归法遍历二叉树

先序：

Status(PreOrderTraverse(BiTree T,Status(*Visit)(TElemType e)){

if(T){

if(Visit(T->data))

if(PreOrderTraverse(t->lchild,Visit))

if(PreOrderTraverse(T->rchild,Visit)) return OK;

return ERROR;

}else return OK;

}

遍历结果：1,2,4,5,6,7,3

四、非递归法遍历二叉树

 

中序一：

Status InorderTraverse(BiTree T,Status(*Visit)(TElemType e)){

InitStack(S)ush(S,T);

while(!StackEmpty(S)){

while(GetTop(S,p)&&p)Push(S,p->lchild);

Pop(S,p);

if(!StackEmpty(S)){

Pop(S,p); if(!Visit(p->data)) return ERROR;

Push(S,p->rchild);

}

}

return OK;

}

中序二：

Status InorderTraverse(BiTree T,Status(*Visit)(TElemType e)){

InitStack(S);p=T;

while(p||!StackEmpty(S)){

if(p){Push(S,p);p=p->lchild;}

else{

Pop(S,p); if(!Visit(p->data)) return ERROR;

p=p->rchild);

}//else

}//while

return OK;

}

五、总结

二叉树遍历的意义

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