选择排序，归并排序

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每一趟在n-i+1(i=1,2,...n-1)个记录中选取关键字最小的记录作为有序序列中第i个记录。

二、简单选择排序

算法：

Smp_Selecpass(ListType &r,int i)

{

k=i;

for(j=i+1;j<n;i++)

if (r[j].key<r[k].key)

k=j;

if (k!=i)

{ t=r;r=r[k];r[k]=t;}

}

Smp_Sort(ListType &r)

{

for(i=1;i<n-1;i++)

Smp_Selecpass(r,i);

}

三、树形选择排序

又称锦标赛排序，首先对n个记录的关键字进行两两比较，然后在其中一半较小者之间再进行两两比较，如此重复，直到选出最小关键字的记录为止。

四、堆排序

只需要一个记录大小的辅助空间，每个待排序的记录仅占有一个存储空间。

什么是堆？n个元素的序列{k1,k2,...,kn}当且仅当满足下列关系时，称之为堆。关系一：ki<=k2i 关系二：ki<=k2i+1（i=1,2,...,n/2)

堆排序要解决两个问题：1、如何由一个无序序列建成一个堆？2、如何在输出堆顶元素之后，调整剩余元素成为一个新的堆？

问题2的解决方法：

sift(ListType &r,int k,int m)

{

i=k;j=2*i;x=r[k].key;finished=FALSE;

t=r[k];

while((j<=m)&&(!finished))

{

if ((j<m)&&(r[j].key>r[j+1].key)) j++;

if (x<=r[j].key)

finished:=TRUE;

else {r=r[j];i=j;j=2*i;}

}

r=t;

}

HeapSort(ListType &r)

{

for(i=n/2;i>0;i--) sift(r,i,n);

for(i=n;i>1;i--){

r[1]<->r;

sift(r,i,i-1)

}

}

五、归并排序

将两个或两个以上的有序表组合成一个新的有序表的方法叫归并。

假设初始序列含有n个记录，则可看成是n个有序的子序列，每个子序列的长度为1，然后两两归并，得到n/2个长度为2或1的有序子序列；再两两归并，如此重复。

 

merge(ListType r,int l,int m,int n,ListType &r2)

{

i=l;j=m+1;k=l-1;

while(i<=m) and(j<n) do

{

k=k+1;

if (r.key<=r[j].key) {r2[k]=r;i++;}

else {r2=r[j];j++}

}

if (i<=m) r2[k+1..n]=r[i..m];

if (j<=n) r2[k+1..n]=r[j..n];

}

mergesort(ListType &r,ListType &r1,int s,int t)

{

if (s==t)

r1[s]=r[s];

else

{

mergesort(r,r2,s,s+t/2);

mergesort(r,r2,s+t/2+1,t);

merge(r2,s,s+t/2,t,r1);

}

]

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