aspnet创建web服务并利用POST数据到web接口(包括调用页面发送json数据和页面后台接受json数据)

1、向服务器发送数据可以利用webservice方法建立web服务接口,其他程序通过调用该接口发送数据。

(1)建立asmx页面前台:

<%@ WebService Language="C#" CodeBehind="~/App_Code/WebService.cs" Class="WebService" %>

2)建立asmx接口后台,返回调用的json数据:  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Text;
using System.Data;

/// <summary>
/// WebService 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
// 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务,请取消注释以下行。 
[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

    public WebService()
    {

        //如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行 
        //InitializeComponent(); 
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 服务也可提供参数,如果要求返还的是json类型,则返回aspnet包装过的json,即{d:content}形式
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="enterpriseCode"></param>
    /// <param name="region"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [WebMethod]
    public string HelloWorld(string enterpriseCode, string region)
    {
        return "hello world";
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 服务不需要传参数,参数存放到InputStream中,获取后解析,适用于不知道如何参数类型及参数个数的情况,直接传入整个字符串自行解析获取
    /// </summary>
    [WebMethod]
    public void HelloWorld_InputStream()//类似于直接调用web页面
    {
        //调用方式可以是Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded(参数直接输入字符串或者json对象)或Content-Type: application/json(传入json字符串)
        byte[] b = new byte[HttpContext.Current.Request.ContentLength];
        //此处使用application/json时,流内部代码会将数据流读到最后,所以要重新定位
        System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Request.InputStream.Position = 0;
        HttpContext.Current.Request.InputStream.Read(b, 0, b.Length);

        HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(b));
        //HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
        //HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 服务需要参数,返回自定义json,不是返回{d:content}形式,而是自定义的书写形式
    /// 此时可以使用Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded调用,参数字符串:enterpriseCode=123&region=12332
    /// 也可以通过Content-Type: application/json调用,参数字符串:{"enterpriseCode":"91330000573973053F","region":"330108"}
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="enterpriseCode"></param>
    /// <param name="region"></param>
    [WebMethod]
    public void HelloWorld_ContentType(string enterpriseCode, string region)
    {
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Clear();
        HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "application/json";
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("{ \"enterprissssqqqqeCode\":\"" + enterpriseCode + "\",\"region\":\"" + region + "\" }");
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Flush();
        HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

    }

    /// <summary>   
    /// 获取全部验证码
    /// </summary>  
    [WebMethod]  
    public void getCode() 
    {       
        string strCode = "";   
        try     
        {        
            DataTable dt = DataBase.getCode().Tables[0];
            strCode = DataTableJson(dt);    
        }     
        catch (Exception ex)      
        {          
            HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(ex.StackTrace);  
        }   
        //HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("{\"access_code\":" + access_code + ",\"content\":" + access_content + "}");  
        HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("{\"content\":" + strCode + "}");      
        HttpContext.Current.Response.End();   
    } 

    public static string DataTableJson(DataTable dt)
    {
        StringBuilder jsonBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        if (dt.Rows.Count == 0)
        {
            jsonBuilder.Append("[]");
        }
        else
        {
            jsonBuilder.Append("[");
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
            {
                jsonBuilder.Append("{");
                for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    if (j < 2)
                    {
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\"");
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Columns[j].ColumnName);
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\":\"");
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\",");
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\"");
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Columns[j].ColumnName);
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\":\"");
                        jsonBuilder.Append(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
                        jsonBuilder.Append("\",");
                    }
                } jsonBuilder.Remove(jsonBuilder.Length - 1, 1);
                jsonBuilder.Append("},");
            }
            jsonBuilder.Remove(jsonBuilder.Length - 1, 1);
            jsonBuilder.Append("]");
        }
        return jsonBuilder.ToString();
    }
}

2、ajax调用方式,如果contentType:"application/json",则data一定要json字符串

(1)调用HelloWorld

      $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:26012/WebService.asmx/HelloWorld",
            data: "{\"enterpriseCode\":\"91330000573973053F\",\"region\":\"330108\"}",
            contentType:"application/json",
            //dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                $('span').html(data.d);
            },
            error: function (errorContent,text,ex) {
                $('span').html(errorContent);
            }
        });

(2)调用HelloWorld_InputStream,从Request.InputStream获取传入参数,可以传json或者json字符串,后台需要自己解析参数值

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:26012/WebService.asmx/HelloWorld_InputStream",//可以直接传入json字符串或者json格式数据,Content-Type要设置"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
            data: "{\"enterpriseCode\":\"91330000573973053F\",\"region\":\"330108\"}",//以json字符串形式,jquery直接传入该字符串,建议使用,可以在后台转换成json格式
            //data: { "enterpriseCode": "91330000573973053F", "region": "330108" },//以json形式,但是jquery会解析处理成"enterpriseCode=91330000573973053F&region=330108"格式字符串
            contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",//以form保存post数据,或者使用application/json
            //dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                $('span').html(data);
            },
            error: function (errorContent,text,ex) {
                $('span').html(errorContent);
            }
        });

(3)调用HelloWorld_ContentType

通过Content-Type: application/json调用,建议使用该方式,参数json字符串:

"{\"enterpriseCode\":\"91330000573973053F\",\"region\":\"330108\"}"

       $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:26012/WebService.asmx/HelloWorld_ContentType",//可以直接传入json字符串或者json格式数据
            data: "{\"enterpriseCode\":\"91330000573973053F\",\"region\":\"330108\"}",//以json字符串形式
            contentType: "application/json",
            dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                $('span').html(data);
            },
            error: function (errorContent,text,ex) {
                $('span').html(errorContent);
            }
        });

结果:

通过Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded调用,参数字符串:enterpriseCode=123&region=12332

或者json参数: { "enterpriseCode": "91330000573973053F", "region": "330108" },jquery会转换成上面形式

        $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:26012/WebService.asmx/HelloWorld_ContentType",//可以直接传入json字符串或者json格式数据
            data: "enterpriseCode=91330000573973053F&region=330108",//以&分割的字符串
            //data: { "enterpriseCode": "91330000573973053F", "region": "330108" },//以json形式,但是jquery会解析处理成"enterpriseCode=91330000573973053F&region=330108"格式字符串
            contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",//以form保存post数据
            dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                $('span').html(data);
            },
            error: function (errorContent,text,ex) {
                $('span').html(errorContent);
            }
        });

或者

       $.ajax({
            type: "POST",
            url: "http://localhost:26012/WebService.asmx/HelloWorld_ContentType",//可以直接传入json字符串或者json格式数据
            //data: "enterpriseCode=91330000573973053F&region=330108",//以&连接的字符串,不能传json字符串
            data: { "enterpriseCode": "91330000573973053F", "region": "330108" },//以json形式,但是jquery会解析处理成"enterpriseCode=91330000573973053F&region=330108"格式字符串
            contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",//以form保存post数据
            dataType: "json",
            success: function (data) {
                $('span').html(data);
            },
            error: function (errorContent,text,ex) {
                $('span').html(errorContent);
            }
        });

结果:


demo下载地址:webservice的简单demo示例地址

https://download.csdn.net/download/yzy85/10455719


2、同时,也可以利用web页面建立网页发送接口,其他程序同样可以调用,原理一致,下面简单说明:

(1)页面接口

   前台:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="uploadConfigData.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.uploadConfigData" %>
后台
主要逻辑:接受处理POST数据并返回成功还是失败的json数据

protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
            if (Request.RequestType.ToUpper() == "POST")
            {
                string error = "";

                string newJson = PostInput();

                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newJson))
                {


                    try
                    {
                        JObject jsonObj = JObject.Parse(newJson);
                        string deviceID = jsonObj["deviceId"].ToString();
                        JArray configJson = (JArray)jsonObj["collectItemConfig"];
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
                        Console.WriteLine(ex.StackTrace);
                    }

                    Response.Write(" {\"RESPONSECODE\": \"TRUE\" ,\"RESPONSEMESSAGE\": \"RECEIVE SUCCESS\"}");
                }
                else
                {
                    Response.Write(" {\"RESPONSECODE\": \"FALSE\" ,\"RESPONSEMESSAGE\": \"" + error + "\"}");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Response.Write(" {\"RESPONSECODE\": \"FALSE\" ,\"RESPONSEMESSAGE\": \"" + "不是POST方式提交" + "\"}");
            }
        }

private string PostInput()
        {

            try
            {

                System.IO.Stream s = Request.InputStream;

                int count = 0;

                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];

                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                using (Stream reqStream = Request.InputStream)
                {
                    StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(Request.InputStream, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
                    System.IO.StreamReader xmlStreamReader = sr;
                    builder.Append(sr.ReadToEnd());
                }


                s.Flush();

                s.Close();

                s.Dispose();

                return builder.ToString();

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            { throw ex; }

        }

(2)C#调用接口处理,因为服务器端可能启用https,所以该处添加了证书验证,如果没有启用,可以将该段注释掉,逻辑:利用webrequest设置各项参数,直接将json数据post到服务器,然后接受返回的处理消息查看是否处理成功。

public static void SendJson(string url, string strJson, ref string strRes)
        {
            try
            {
                byte[] bs = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(strJson);
                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new System.Net.Security.RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(CheckValidationResult);//
                HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);

                System.Net.ServicePointManager.Expect100Continue = false;
                req.KeepAlive = true;
                req.Method = "POST";
                req.ContentType = "application/json; ";
                req.Accept = "application/json";
                req.ContentLength = bs.Length;
                req.Timeout = outTime;
                // req.SendChunked = true;
                using (Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream())
                {
                    reqStream.Write(bs, 0, bs.Length);
                }
                using (WebResponse wr = req.GetResponse())
                {     //在这里对接收到的页面内容进行处理  
                    StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(wr.GetResponseStream(), System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
                    System.IO.StreamReader xmlStreamReader = sr;
                    strRes = sr.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                strRes = ex.Message;
            }
        }

        public static bool CheckValidationResult(object sender, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors)
        {   // 总是接受  
            return true;
        }

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