Linux命令(79)之tr

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-30 17:02:38 发布

小黑要上天

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-30 17:02:38 发布

阅读量1k

点赞数 1

分类专栏： Linux命令文章标签： linux tr

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/z19861216/article/details/132577197

版权

Linux命令专栏收录该内容

146 篇文章 47 订阅

订阅专栏

linux命令之tr

1.tr介绍

linux命令tr用于转换或删除文件中的字符。tr命令只能对标准输入进行操作，不能直接对文件进行操作

2.tr用法

tr [参数] [标准输入]

tr参数常规说明
参数	说明
-s	将多个连续的字符压缩为一个字符
-d	删除指定的字符
-t	对指定的字符进行替换
-c	将指定字符外的字符替换为指定字符

3.实例

3.1.将任一连续的a、b、c、d字符压缩为一个字符

命令：

tr -s abcd < zzz.txt

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb
123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line
aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa
a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd

loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# tr -s abcd < zzz.txt
123acb111   a b
123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
a b c
this is a test line
a b c
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
a
a 1[34]5 d
a 135 d
a 145 d

loveable a
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.2.将多个连续的a压缩为A

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -s a A

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb
123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line
aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa
a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd

loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -s a A
123Acb111   A bbbb
123Acb111 error 11111
this is A test line
A bbb ccc
this is A test line
A bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
A
A 1[34]5 dd
A 135 dd
A 145 dd

loveAble A
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.3.将多个连续的a、连续的b分别压缩为A和B

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -s ab AB

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb
123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line
aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa
a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd

loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -s ab AB
123AcB111   A B
123AcB111 error 11111
this is A test line
A B ccc
this is A test line
A B cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
A
A 1[34]5 dd
A 135 dd
A 145 dd

loveABle A
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.4.删除空白行

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -s "\n"

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -s "\n"
123acb111   aaaa bbbb
123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line
aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa
a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd
loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.5.删除字符a

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -d a

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -d a
123cb111    bbbb

123cb111 error 11111
this is  test line
 bbb ccc
this is  test line


 bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111



 1[34]5 dd
 135 dd
 145 dd




loveble 
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.6.删除字符a和b

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -d ab

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -d ab
123c111    

123c111 error 11111
this is  test line
  ccc
this is  test line


  cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111



 1[34]5 dd
 135 dd
 145 dd




lovele 
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.7.删除字符a、b和c

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -d abc

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -d abc
123111    

123111 error 11111
this is  test line
  
this is  test line


  
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111



 1[34]5 dd
 135 dd
 145 dd




lovele 
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.8.把字符a、b、c替换为A、B、C

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -t abc ABC

其中：-t可以省略

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -t abc ABC
123ACB111   AAAA BBBB

123ACB111 error 11111
this is A test line
AAA BBB CCC
this is A test line


AAAA BBBB CCCC
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
AAA


A 1[34]5 dd
A 135 dd
A 145 dd




loveABle AAAA
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.9.把a-z转换为A-Z

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -t a-z A-Z

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -t a-z A-Z
123ACB111   AAAA BBBB

123ACB111 ERROR 11111
THIS IS A TEST LINE
AAA BBB CCC
THIS IS A TEST LINE


AAAA BBBB CCCC
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
AAA


A 1[34]5 DD
A 135 DD
A 145 DD




LOVEABLE AAAA
[root@rhel77 ~]#

3.10.将字符a外的字符全部替换为X

命令：

cat zzz.txt | tr -c a X

[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt
123acb111   aaaa bbbb

123acb111 error 11111
this is a test line
aaa bbb ccc
this is a test line


aaaa bbbb cccc
1 111 111
2 222 222
1 111 111
aaa


a 1[34]5 dd
a 135 dd
a 145 dd




loveable aaaa
[root@rhel77 ~]# cat zzz.txt | tr -c a X
XXXaXXXXXXXXaaaaXXXXXXXXXXaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXaXXXXXXXXXXXaaaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXaXXXXXXXXXXXXXaaaaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXaaaXXXaXXXXXXXXXXXaXXXXXXXXaXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXaXXXXaaaaX[root@rhel77 ~]#