Linux命令(103)之du

linux命令之du

1.du介绍

linux命令du是命令用来查看目录或文件所占用磁盘空间的大小

2.du用法

du [参数] filename|dirname

du常用参数

参数	说明
-h	以人类可读的方式显示
-s	显示目录占用的磁盘空间大小，不要显示其下子目录和文件占用的磁盘空间大小
-k	以1024 bytes为单位
-m	以1024 bytes为单位
-l(消息L)	统计硬链接占用磁盘空间的大小
-L	统计符号链接所指向的文件占用的磁盘空间大小
--max-depth=N	N是数值，表示目录层数，超过指定层数的目录后，予以忽略

3.实例

3.1.以人类可读的方式(K/M/G)显示/etc目录的大小

命令：

du -sh /etc

[root@rhel77 ~]# du -sh /etc
66M	/etc
[root@rhel77 ~]# 

3.2.统计硬链接占用磁盘空间的大小

命令：

du -l /root

[root@rhel77 ~]# du -l /root
0	/root/110
12	/root/.ssh
0	/root/111
0	/root/3
4	/root/.oracle_jre_usage
16	/root/test
0	/root/back
4	/root/.cache/abrt
4	/root/.cache
0	/root/.config/abrt
0	/root/.config/gconf
4	/root/.config/dconf
0	/root/.config/ibus/bus
0	/root/.config/ibus
4	/root/.config
0	/root/4
4	/root/ztj/test
16	/root/ztj
16	/root/2
8	/root/.dbus/session-bus
8	/root/.dbus
0	/root/.emacs.d
4	/root/z
28	/root/1
112	/root/extundelete-0.2.4/src/.deps
4780	/root/extundelete-0.2.4/src
5244	/root/extundelete-0.2.4
0	/root/z1
16	/root/ztj11
0	/root/testdir
0	/root/.ansible/tmp
0	/root/.ansible
0	/root/.pki/nssdb
0	/root/.pki
635976	/root
[root@rhel77 ~]# 

3.3.统计符号链接所指向的文件占用的磁盘空间大小

命令：

du -L /root

[root@rhel77 .pki]# du -L /root
0	/root/110
12	/root/.ssh
0	/root/111
0	/root/3
4	/root/.oracle_jre_usage
8	/root/test
0	/root/back
4	/root/.cache/abrt
4	/root/.cache
112	/root/extundelete/src/.deps
4780	/root/extundelete/src
5244	/root/extundelete
0	/root/.config/abrt
0	/root/.config/gconf
4	/root/.config/dconf
0	/root/.config/ibus/bus
0	/root/.config/ibus
4	/root/.config
0	/root/4
4	/root/ztj/test
16	/root/ztj
16	/root/2
8	/root/.dbus/session-bus
8	/root/.dbus
0	/root/.emacs.d
4	/root/z
28	/root/1
0	/root/z1
16	/root/ztj11
0	/root/testdir
0	/root/.ansible/tmp
0	/root/.ansible
0	/root/.pki/nssdb
0	/root/.pki
635968	/root
[root@rhel77 .pki]#

3.4.查看etc目录及下一级子文件和子目录占用的磁盘容量，并排序

命令：

du -lh  /etc --max-depth=1 | sort -nr

[root@rhel77 ~]# du -lh  /etc --max-depth=1 | sort -nr
604K	/etc/ssh
456K	/etc/sysconfig
380K	/etc/lvm
332K	/etc/sane.d
292K	/etc/xdg
244K	/etc/vmware-tools
236K	/etc/dbus-1
224K	/etc/ImageMagick
196K	/etc/mail
176K	/etc/pam.d
172K	/etc/libreport
156K	/etc/libvirt
148K	/etc/postfix
128K	/etc/bash_completion.d
92K	/etc/httpd
88K	/etc/profile.d
84K	/etc/security
80K	/etc/speech-dispatcher
80K	/etc/logrotate.d
72K	/etc/grub.d
68K	/etc/X11
68K	/etc/openldap
66M	/etc
60K	/etc/setuptool.d
60K	/etc/libibverbs.d
52K	/etc/sound
52K	/etc/rpm
52K	/etc/ppp
48K	/etc/rdma
48K	/etc/rc.d
44K	/etc/cups
40M	/etc/selinux
36K	/etc/systemd
36K	/etc/iproute2
32K	/etc/yum.repos.d
32K	/etc/yum
32K	/etc/php.d
32K	/etc/dconf
32K	/etc/abrt
28K	/etc/rhsm
28K	/etc/nginx
28K	/etc/NetworkManager
28K	/etc/modprobe.d
24K	/etc/unbound
24K	/etc/mcelog
24K	/etc/ipsec.d
24K	/etc/fwupd
24K	/etc/fonts
20K	/etc/samba
20K	/etc/pulse
20K	/etc/ld.so.conf.d
20K	/etc/java
20K	/etc/iscsi
20K	/etc/gdm
16K	/etc/tuned
16K	/etc/smartmontools
16K	/etc/skel
16K	/etc/sasl2
16K	/etc/prelink.conf.d
16K	/etc/PackageKit
16K	/etc/firewalld
16K	/etc/cron.daily
16K	/etc/audit
16K	/etc/audisp
12K	/etc/gssproxy
12K	/etc/default
12K	/etc/cupshelpers
12K	/etc/cron.d
12K	/etc/avahi
12K	/etc/alsa
8.0K	/etc/setroubleshoot
8.0K	/etc/rwtab.d
8.0K	/etc/ras
8.0K	/etc/polkit-1
8.0K	/etc/oddjobd.conf.d
8.0K	/etc/ntp
8.0K	/etc/ndctl
8.0K	/etc/lsm
8.0K	/etc/libnl
8.0K	/etc/groff
8.0K	/etc/gnome-vfs-2.0
8.0K	/etc/festival
8.0K	/etc/dnf
8.0K	/etc/dhcp
8.0K	/etc/depmod.d
8.0K	/etc/cron.hourly
7.9M	/etc/udev
6.2M	/etc/gconf
4.0K	/etc/xml
4.0K	/etc/wpa_supplicant
4.0K	/etc/UPower
4.0K	/etc/udisks2
4.0K	/etc/sgml
4.0K	/etc/rsyslog.d
4.0K	/etc/request-key.d
4.0K	/etc/qemu-kvm
4.0K	/etc/qemu-ga
4.0K	/etc/python
4.0K	/etc/purple
4.0K	/etc/plymouth
4.0K	/etc/opt
4.0K	/etc/libblockdev
4.0K	/etc/kernel
4.0K	/etc/hp
4.0K	/etc/gss
4.0K	/etc/geoclue
4.0K	/etc/fcoe
4.0K	/etc/dracut.conf.d
4.0K	/etc/docker
4.0K	/etc/chromium
4.0K	/etc/bonobo-activation
4.0K	/etc/bluetooth
4.0K	/etc/alternatives
3.8M	/etc/brltty
1.1M	/etc/pki
0	/etc/xinetd.d
0	/etc/tmpfiles.d
0	/etc/terminfo
0	/etc/sysctl.d
0	/etc/sudoers.d
0	/etc/statetab.d
0	/etc/ssl
0	/etc/smrsh
0	/etc/scl
0	/etc/popt.d
0	/etc/pm
0	/etc/pkcs11
0	/etc/oddjob
0	/etc/my.cnf.d
0	/etc/multipath
0	/etc/modules-load.d
0	/etc/maven
0	/etc/libpaper.d
0	/etc/krb5.conf.d
0	/etc/jvm-commmon
0	/etc/jvm
0	/etc/gnupg
0	/etc/glvnd
0	/etc/ghostscript
0	/etc/gdbinit.d
0	/etc/gcrypt
0	/etc/flatpak
0	/etc/firefox
0	/etc/exports.d
0	/etc/egl
0	/etc/dnsmasq.d
0	/etc/cron.weekly
0	/etc/cron.monthly
0	/etc/cifs-utils
0	/etc/chkconfig.d
0	/etc/binfmt.d
[root@rhel77 ~]#