LVM使用了寫時複製技術来创建快照。也就是获得全部卷的一个逻辑副本一个逻辑副本看上去跟已做了快照的卷有一模一样的数据,但是在开始之初,并不包含任何数据,LVM只是简单的标注的作快照的时间,并不是把数据都复制到快照里,当你需要从快照里读取数据时,它才从数据来源卷里把数据读取出来。
术语解释
Logical Volumn Manager 简称LVM 是逻辑卷管理器
PV: Physical Volumn,物理卷,可以理解为磁盘分区
PE: Physical Extent, 物理块,可以理解为磁盘块(多个连续扇区)
LV: Logical Volumn, 逻辑卷,在其上的文件系统看到的“磁盘分区”
LE: Logical Extent, 逻辑块,在其上的文件系统看到的“磁盘块”,
LVM 中 PE 和 LE 的大小一致。
VG: Volumn Group,卷组,可以理解为存储池,它和上面几个东西的关系
如下:
一个 PV 分成多个 PE,一个 LV 分成多个 LE;
一个 VG 由一个或多个 PV 组成;
一个 LE 从 VG 中分配出来,这个 LE 就是 mkfs 看到的分区,类似
于通常情况下的物理分区 /dev/hda1 这样的东西。
UBUNTU 创建LVM 的 过程如下:
可以将整个硬盘创建为一个PV,也可以是一个分区,但是分区不能挂载
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong#pvcreate /dev/sda6
Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created
创建一个卷组,一般卷组有多个物理卷组成,
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong# vgcreate myvg /dev/sda6
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
查看卷组的大小
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 87.89 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 22499
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 22499 / 87.89 GiB
VG UUID qtVuS8-I5ml-3iEa-rkVJ-uOdw-VDz3-r7Wwd4
创建逻辑卷
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong# lvcreate -l 400 -n mylv myvg
Logical volume "mylv" created
在 LV 上创建 reiserfs 格式文件系统
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong# mkfs.reiserfs /dev/myvg/mylv
mkfs.reiserfs 3.6.21 (2009 www.namesys.com)
A pair of credits:
Oleg Drokin was the debugger for V3 during most of the time that V4 was under
development, and was quite skilled and fast at it. He wrote the large write
optimization of V3.
SuSE (www.suse.com) pays for continuing work on journaling for version 3, paid
for much of the previous version 3 work, and is paying for Chris and Jeff to do
V3 maintenance. Reiserfs integration in their distro is consistently solid, and
they were key to our becoming widely used.
Guessing about desired format.. Kernel 2.6.32-38-generic is running.
Format 3.6 with standard journal
Count of blocks on the device: 409600
Number of blocks consumed by mkreiserfs formatting process: 8224
Blocksize: 4096
Hash function used to sort names: "r5"
Journal Size 8193 blocks (first block 18)
Journal Max transaction length 1024
inode generation number: 0
UUID: 3257c499-9f4f-4ad3-8eb8-b163ba47a343
ATTENTION: YOU SHOULD REBOOT AFTER FDISK!
ALL DATA WILL BE LOST ON '/dev/myvg/mylv'!
Continue (y/n):y
Initializing journal - 0%....20%....40%....60%....80%....100%
Syncing..ok
ReiserFS is successfully created on /dev/myvg/mylv.
root@ubuntu:/home/zhanghong#
参考文献:www.dbaoper.com