ubuntu18.04扩容操作笔记（lvm）
文章目录
分区扩容扩展步骤
1> parted扩容分区
unit s
设置以扇区（sector）为单位
print free
查看空闲空间
resizepart [partition number] [end]
扩展分区大小
quit
退出
2> partprobe 刷新分区
3> pvresize /dev/sda3
4> lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
对 VG（volume group 卷组）中的 LV（logical volume 逻辑卷）进行扩充
5> resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
重置 LV（logical volume 逻辑卷）的空间大小
添加分区扩容步骤
1> fdisk dev/sd[x]
通过 n 命令创建一个新主分区
2> pvcreate /dev/sd[x][n]
创建 PV（physical volume 物理卷）
3> vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sd[x][n]
将 PV（physical volume 物理卷）扩到 VG（volume group 卷组）中
4> lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
对 VG（volume group 卷组）中的 LV（logical volume 逻辑卷）进行扩充
5> resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root
重置 LV（logical volume 逻辑卷）的空间大小
提示，三个命令帮助你理解过程
pvdisplay: 查看 PV（physical volume 物理卷）列表信息
vgdisplay: 查看 VG（volume group 卷组）列表信息
lvdisplay: 查看 LV（logical volume 逻辑卷）列表信息
以下内容是我上次扩容失败的笔记，仅做参考
参考帖子
https://blog.csdn.net/jacky128256/article/details/123442981
查看根分区空间
可以看到，现在已经100%，用不成了。
查看磁盘分区列表
看一下运维给添加空间没有
没有问题，已经从原来的30G添加到80G空间了。
查看lv信息
root@ubuntu:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
LV Name ubuntu-lv
VG Name ubuntu-vg
LV UUID AR3mwc-rmRp-eq47-BCRP-OMdq-Lymk-FvG5zl
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2021-09-08 13:51:17 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 29.50 GiB
Current LE 7552
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
增加根分区
此处用到四个命令
lvextend 扩充
lvreduce 减少
lvresize 重新大小
resize2fs 重新大小
文章附录有help信息
在另外搜了一下怎么添加所有空间
root@ubuntu:~# lvextend -l +100%FREE -r /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from 29.50 GiB (7552 extents) to <59.00 GiB (15103 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 8
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 15465472 (4k) blocks long.
root@ubuntu:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
LV Name ubuntu-lv
VG Name ubuntu-vg
LV UUID AR3mwc-rmRp-eq47-BCRP-OMdq-Lymk-FvG5zl
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2021-09-08 13:51:17 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <59.00 GiB
Current LE 15103
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
root@ubuntu:~# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev
tmpfs 837M 869k 836M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 63G 30G 31G 50% /
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.3M 0 5.3M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 1.1G 302M 649M 32% /boot
tmpfs 837M 0 837M 0% /run/user/0
感觉有些不对，怎么是小于59GB。先不管，继续走流程
重置大小
root@ubuntu:~# resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv
resize2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
The filesystem is already 15465472 (4k) blocks long. Nothing to do!
root@ubuntu:~# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
LV Name ubuntu-lv
VG Name ubuntu-vg
LV UUID AR3mwc-rmRp-eq47-BCRP-OMdq-Lymk-FvG5zl
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time ubuntu-server, 2021-09-08 13:51:17 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size <59.00 GiB
Current LE 15103
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
root@ubuntu:~# df -H
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev
tmpfs 837M 869k 836M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 63G 30G 31G 50% /
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.3M 0 5.3M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs 4.2G 0 4.2G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2 1.1G 302M 649M 32% /boot
tmpfs 837M 0 837M 0% /run/user/0
Nothing to do 什么鬼，不管了，没有加到预期的大小，
在琢磨一下
root@ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
GPT PMBR size mismatch (125829119 != 167772159) will be corrected by w(rite).
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3226BCAC-57EC-4BD9-A9D5-EEE0E4B33A50
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 125827071 123725824 59G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 59 GiB, 63346573312 bytes, 123723776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
问题好像出在分区上，/dev/sda3只有59G空间，不太对，咋办，先重启。
不管用
修复分区
网上查的，需要修复分区
root@ubuntu:~# parted -l
Model: VMware Virtual disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 85.9GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub
2 2097kB 1076MB 1074MB ext4
3 1076MB 64.4GB 63.3GB
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 63.3GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0.00B 63.3GB 63.3GB ext4
root@ubuntu:~# fdisk -l
GPT PMBR size mismatch (125829119 != 167772159) will be corrected by w(rite).
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3226BCAC-57EC-4BD9-A9D5-EEE0E4B33A50
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 125827071 123725824 59G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 59 GiB, 63346573312 bytes, 123723776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
没有鸟用
分区扩容
不管了，直接给/dev/sda3扩容
root@ubuntu:~# fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
GPT PMBR size mismatch (125829119 != 167772159) will be corrected by w(rite).
GPT PMBR size mismatch (125829119 != 167772159) will be corrected by w(rite).
Command (m for help): m
Help:
Generic
d delete a partition
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 80 GiB, 85899345920 bytes, 167772160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 3226BCAC-57EC-4BD9-A9D5-EEE0E4B33A50
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 4095 2048 1M BIOS boot
/dev/sda2 4096 2101247 2097152 1G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda3 2101248 125827071 123725824 59G Linux filesystem
放弃了，加30G先用着，剩下的20G不知道怎么加了。
附录
lvextend --help
root@ubuntu:~# lvextend --help
lvextend - Add space to a logical volume // 添加空间到一个逻辑卷
Extend an LV by a specified size. // 扩展一个LV通过一个明确的大小
lvextend -L|--size [+]Size[m|UNIT] LV
[ -l|--extents [+]Number[PERCENT] ]
[ -r|--resizefs ]
[ -i|--stripes Number ]
[ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
[ --poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT] ]
[ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
[ PV ... ]
Extend an LV by specified PV extents.// 扩展一个LV通过PV扩展（不懂）
lvextend LV PV ...
[ -r|--resizefs ]
[ -i|--stripes Number ]
[ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
[ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
Extend a pool metadata SubLV by a specified size. // 扩展一个子LV池通过具一个具体的大小（不懂）
lvextend --poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT] LV_thinpool
[ -i|--stripes Number ]
[ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
[ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
[ PV ... ]
Extend an LV according to a predefined policy. // 扩展一个LV按照一个预定的策略（不懂）
lvextend --usepolicies LV_snapshot_thinpool
[ -r|--resizefs ]
[ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
[ PV ... ]
Common options for command:
[ -A|--autobackup y|n ]
[ -f|--force ]
[ -m|--mirrors Number ]
[ -n|--nofsck ]
[ --alloc contiguous|cling|cling_by_tags|normal|anywhere|inherit ]
[ --nosync ]
[ --noudevsync ]
[ --reportformat basic|json ]
[ --type linear|striped|snapshot|mirror|raid|thin|cache|thin-pool|cache-pool ]
Common options for lvm:
[ -d|--debug ]
[ -h|--help ]
[ -q|--quiet ]
[ -v|--verbose ]
[ -y|--yes ]
[ -t|--test ]
[ --commandprofile String ]
[ --config String ]
[ --driverloaded y|n ]
[ --longhelp ]
[ --profile String ]
[ --version ]
Use --longhelp to show all options and advanced commands.
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