自动化/控制工程专业英语整理第二弹——拉普拉斯变换
本文中包含面试中可能遇到的专业名词,在听问题时注意辨别这些名词,更容易听懂面试官的问题~
一、相关词汇(干货,一定要熟悉)
lag v.;n.延迟
implement v.实现
polynomial n.多项式
manipulate v.处理
order n.阶
integrate v.积分
differentiate v.微分
denominator n.分母
numerator n.分子
Stability n.稳定性
steady-state n.稳态
superposition n.叠加
magnitude n.幅值
step n.阶跃(信号)
initial condition 初始条件
algebraic equation 代数方程
homogeneous solution 通解
particular solution 特解
Fourier integral 傅里叶积分
inverse transform 反(逆)变换
transient response 暂态响应
initial value 初值
final value 终值
shifting theorem 平移定理
Laplace transformation 拉普拉斯变换
二、理解阅读
This definition of the transfer function requires the system to be linear and stationary,with continuous variables and with zero initial conditions. The transfer function is most useful when the system is also lumped parameter and when transport lags are absent or neglected. Under these conditions the transfer function itself can be expressed as a ratio of two polynomials in the complex Laplace.
The Laplace transformation comes from the area of operational mathematics and is extremely useful in the analysis and design of linear systems. Ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients transform into algebraic equations that can be used to implement the transfer function concept. Furthermore,the Laplace domain is a nice place in which to work, and transfer functions may be easily manipulated,modified,and analyzed. The designer quickly becomes adept in relating changes in the Laplace domain to behavior in the time domain without actually having to solve the system equations. When time domain solutions are required, the Laplace transform method is straightforward. The solution is complete,including both the homogeneous (transient) and particular (steady-state) solutions,and initial conditions are automatically included. Finally ,it is easy to move from the Laplace domain into the frequency domain.
翻译:
传递函数的这种定义要求系统是线性和平稳的,具有连续变量和零初始条件。当系统也是集总参数,并且没有或忽略传输滞后时,传递函数最有用。在这些条件下,传递函数本身可以表示为复数拉普拉斯中两个多项式的比值。
拉普拉斯变换来自运算数学领域,在线性系统的分析和设计中非常有用。常系数常微分方程转化为代数方程,可以用来实现传递函数的概念。此外,拉普拉斯域是一个很好的工作场所,传递函数可以很容易地操作、修改和分析。设计师很快就能熟练地将拉普拉斯域中的变化与时域中的行为联系起来,而无需实际求解系统方程。当需要时域解时,拉普拉斯变换方法很简单。解决方案是完整的,包括均匀(瞬态)和特定(稳态)解决方案,初始条件自动包括在内。最后,很容易从拉普拉斯域移到频域。
下一弹:控制系统的稳定性