格式化磁盘重装ubuntn18.04系统后恢复timeshift备份文件

主要修改efi ,grub,fstab文件,更新内核

1,查看目前系统"/"文件系统挂载分区对应UUID,以及/boot/efi对应的UUID
jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$ df
/dev/nvme0n1p8  67857784 14545816  49835284   23% /
/dev/nvme0n1p1     98304    49315     48989   51% /boot/efi
jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$ sudo blkid
[sudo] jun 的密码：
/dev/nvme0n1p8: UUID="'新UUID'" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="27d93653-d821-4687-a620-3a16ed26f281"
/dev/nvme0n1p1: LABEL="SYSTEM" UUID="'efi分区新UUID'" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="42b79660-bab4-4a31-9167-9555c937df03"

jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$

2,在备份文件boot目录,grep搜索备份文件对应的旧UUID
UUID可打开备份文件/boot/grub/grub.cfg查看UUID='旧UUID'

jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$ sudo grep -rn '旧UUID'  ./
./efi/EFI/ubuntu/grub.cfg:1:search.fs_uuid '旧UUID' root
匹配到二进制文件 ./grub/x86_64-efi/grub.efi
匹配到二进制文件 ./grub/x86_64-efi/core.efi
./grub/x86_64-efi/load.cfg:1:search.fs_uuid '旧UUID' root
./grub/grub.cfg:68:  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:70:  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:133:menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:142:      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:144:      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:146:        linux    /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-48-generic root=UUID='旧UUID' ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
./grub/grub.cfg:149:submenu 'Ubuntu 高级选项' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:150:    menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 5.4.0-48-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-48-generic-advanced-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:159:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:161:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:164:            linux    /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-48-generic root=UUID='旧UUID' ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
./grub/grub.cfg:168:    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-48-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-48-generic-recovery-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:176:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:178:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:181:            linux    /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-48-generic root=UUID='旧UUID' ro recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr
./grub/grub.cfg:185:    menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 5.4.0-47-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-47-generic-advanced-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:194:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:196:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:199:            linux    /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-47-generic root=UUID='旧UUID' ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff
./grub/grub.cfg:203:    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 5.4.0-47-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-5.4.0-47-generic-recovery-'旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:211:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:213:          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root '旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:216:            linux    /boot/vmlinuz-5.4.0-47-generic root=UUID='旧UUID' ro recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr
jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$

3,用步骤1,"/"对应的UUID替换搜索到的文件中所有对应位置的旧UUID,步骤2匹配到的二进制文件,用新安装系统对应的文件替换

4,打开备份文件/boot/grub/grub.cfg,搜索/boot/efi分区对应的旧UUID(搜索关键字osprober-efi-'efi分区旧UUID')

5,在备份文件boot目录,grep搜索备份文件/boot/efi对应的旧UUID
jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$ sudo grep -rn 'efi分区旧UUID' ./
./grub/grub.cfg:232:menuentry 'Windows Boot Manager (on /dev/nvme0n1p1)' --class windows --class os $menuentry_id_option 'osprober-efi-'efi分区旧UUID'' {
./grub/grub.cfg:236:      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root  'efi分区旧UUID'
./grub/grub.cfg:238:      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 'efi分区旧UUID'
jun@jun-NBLB-WAX9N:boot$

6,用步骤1,/boot/efi对应的UUID替换步骤5搜索到的文件中所有对应位置的旧UUID.

7,同步修改/etc/fstab文件所有UUID值为新UUID

8,timeshift恢复修改好的备份文件包

9,开机完成更新内核,执行命令update-initramfs -u -k all(缺少这一步开机会提示give up waiting for suspend/resume device,会卡一会儿)