4.13
什么是JSP
JSP:JavaServerPages
和Servlet一样,用于开发动态web
特点:
- 和写Html一样
- 但是JSP是动态的,可以有java代码,可以提供动态数据
JSP原理
浏览器访问web服务器,服务器判断到访问的是jsp页面,容器会将jsp页面转换为java文件,后缀为.java,在经过编译,成为.class文件,用户得到的就是容器处理完的.class文件,所以说jsp本质就是Servlet
.jsp->.java就是从jsp->servlet的过程
IDEA中写的代码
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>$Title$</title>
</head>
<body>
$END$afgaega
</body>
</html>
在C:\Users\bixiaoyu’s son.IntelliJIdea2019.1\system\tomcat\Unnamed_shu1\work\Catalina\localhost\response\org\apache\jsp目录下编译生成的.java文件代码
/*
* Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
* Version: Apache Tomcat/8.5.54
* Generated at: 2021-04-10 10:50:10 UTC
* Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
* the last modified time of the source file after
* generation to assist with modification tracking.
*/
package org.apache.jsp;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
public final class index_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {
private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();
private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;
private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;
static {
_jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
_jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
_jspx_imports_classes = null;
}
private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;
public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
return _jspx_dependants;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
return _jspx_imports_packages;
}
public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
return _jspx_imports_classes;
}
public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
_el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
}
}
}
return _el_expressionfactory;
}
public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
synchronized (this) {
if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
_jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
}
}
}
return _jsp_instancemanager;
}
public void _jspInit() {
}
public void _jspDestroy() {
}
public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {
final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method) && !javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSPs only permit GET, POST or HEAD. Jasper also permits OPTIONS");
return;
}
final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
final java.lang.Object page = this;
javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;
try {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
null, true, 8192, true);
_jspx_page_context = pageContext;
application = pageContext.getServletContext();
config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
session = pageContext.getSession();
out = pageContext.getOut();
_jspx_out = out;
out.write("\n");
out.write("\n");
out.write("<html>\n");
out.write(" <head>\n");
out.write(" <title>$Title$</title>\n");
out.write(" </head>\n");
out.write(" <body>\n");
out.write(" $END$afgaega\n");
out.write(" </body>\n");
out.write("</html>\n");
} catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
out = _jspx_out;
if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
try {
if (response.isCommitted()) {
out.flush();
} else {
out.clearBuffer();
}
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
else throw new ServletException(t);
}
} finally {
_jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
}
}
}
所以说jsp好写的原因是web服务器帮我们做了许多我们应该做的事情
JSP语法
<%=%>输出到客户端,相当于out对象
<% %>JSP脚本片段,可以写多行java语句
<%! %>JSP声明语句,给整个类使用,里面可以写Static代码块和自定义方法
<%–%>注释
JSP指令
- 可以用来设置页面
<%@ page args="……" %>
- 可以引用其他jsp页面,一起使用
<%@ include file=""%>
<jsp:include page=""/>
两个都可以,区别在于第一个是将页面合为一个,第二个是拼接页面,以引用的形式使用,本身是三个页面
- web-INF文件夹下的内容用户不可以直接访问
JSP九大内置对象
- pageContext 页面上下文
- requset
- response
- session
- application——servletContext
- config——servletConfig
- out
- page
- exception
数据作用域越来越大
- pageContext 存当前页面需要用的数据
- requset 存用户用完不再用了的数据
- session 存用户用完一会还会用的数据
- application 存这个用户用完,别的用户还会用的数据