JDBC连接数据库的五种方式

方式一

	public void connectionTest() throws SQLException {
		//定义URL
		String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
		//创建driver
		Driver driver = new com.mysql.jdbc. Driver();
		//通过驱动来获取链接
		Properties pro = new Properties();
		pro.setProperty("user", "root");
		pro.setProperty("password",	"root");
		Connection conn = driver.connect(url, pro);
		System.out.println(conn);
	}

这是最通俗的连接方式
问题是应用程序和Mysql的jdbc的实现类发生了直接的耦合

方式二

public void connectionTest2() throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
		//定义URL
		String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
		//创建driver
		String driverStr = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";//Driver类的全类名
		Driver driver =  null;
		driver =(Driver) Class.forName(driverStr).newInstance();
		//通过驱动来获取链接
		Properties pro = new Properties();
		pro.setProperty("user", "root");
		pro.setProperty("password",	"root");
		Connection conn = driver.connect(url, pro);
		System.out.println(conn);
	}

这种方式使用反了射机制来解除耦合

方式三

	public void connectionTest3() throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
		//定义URL
		String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
		//创建driver
		String driverStr = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";//Driver类的全类名
		Driver driver =  null;
		driver =(Driver) Class.forName(driverStr).newInstance();
		//注册驱动
		DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
		//通过驱动来获取链接
		Properties pro = new Properties();
		pro.setProperty("user", "root");
		pro.setProperty("password",	"root");
		Connection conn = driver.connect(url, pro);
		System.out.println(conn);
	}

这种 DriverManager使用注册驱动

方式四

public void connectionTest4() throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException {
		//定义URL
		String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
		//创建driver
		String driverStr = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";//Driver类的全类名
		//创建用户名和密码
		String user = "root";
		String password="root";
		//加载mysql的Dirver
		Class.forName(driverStr);
		 
		Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user,password);
		System.out.println(conn);
	}

但是方式四的连接属性还是采用了硬编码的方式

方式五

编写一个jdbc.properties的配置文件

url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
driver =com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
user=root
password=root

public void connectionTest5() throws SQLException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, ClassNotFoundException, IOException {
		//第一步加载配置文件
		InputStream in =this.getClass().getClassLoader().getSystemResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
		
		Properties pro = new Properties();
		pro.load(in);
		//定义URL
		String url = pro.getProperty("url");
		//从配置文件中获取链接属性
		String driverStr = pro.getProperty("driver");//Driver类的全类名
		String user = pro.getProperty("user");
		String password=pro.getProperty("password");
		//加载mysql的Dirver
		Class.forName(driverStr);
		Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user,password);
		System.out.println(conn);
	}

这个就解决了硬编码问题