8bin的个数对直方图匹配产生的影响

8bin的个数对直方图匹配产生的影响

给定三幅在书中讨论的不同光照条件下的手图像，利用cvCalcHist()来获得室内拍照的手的肤色直方图。

 1. 依次尝试用少量的bin（如每维有2个），中等数目的bin（每维有16个）和很多bin（每维256个），然后对各种光线下的图像运行匹配程序（使用所有的直方图匹配方法）；
 2. 现在加上每维为8个和32个bin，在各种光线条件下进行匹配；

程序中三幅图像已经过处理，依次比前一幅亮度增加40，具体代码如下：

---

#include <cv.h>
#include <highgui.h>  
#include <stdlib.h>  
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    IplImage* src1, *src2, *src3,*Imask, *hsv1, *hsv2,*hsv3;                //源图像 HSV格式图像
    //src1 src2 亮度较前一张增加了10 src2 src3 亮度较前一张增加了40
    if (!(src1 = cvLoadImage("D:\\Template\\OpenCV\\Template52_hue-saturation_Compare\\Debug\\hand1.jpg")))
        return -1;
    if (!(src2 = cvLoadImage("D:\\Template\\OpenCV\\Template52_hue-saturation_Compare\\Debug\\hand3.jpg")))
        return -2;
    if (!(src3 = cvLoadImage("D:\\Template\\OpenCV\\Template52_hue-saturation_Compare\\Debug\\hand5.jpg")))
        return -3;
    //Mask为手掌掩码 过滤掉其他背景 只分析手掌颜色直方图 可略
    if (!(Imask = cvLoadImage("D:\\Template\\OpenCV\\Template52_hue-saturation_Compare\\Debug\\Imask.jpg", 
        CV_LOAD_IMAGE_GRAYSCALE)))
        return -4;

    hsv1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src1), src1->depth, src1->nChannels);
    hsv2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src2), src2->depth, src2->nChannels);
    hsv3 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src3), src3->depth, src3->nChannels);

    cvCvtColor(src1, hsv1, CV_BGR2HSV);     //源图像->HSV格式图像
    cvCvtColor(src2, hsv2, CV_BGR2HSV);     //源图像->HSV格式图像
    cvCvtColor(src3, hsv3, CV_BGR2HSV);     //源图像->HSV格式图像

    //色调(hue) 饱和度(saturation) 明度(value)
    IplImage *h_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv1->width, hsv1->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *s_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv1->width, hsv1->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *v_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv1->width, hsv1->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);

    IplImage *h_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv2->width, hsv2->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *s_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv2->width, hsv2->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *v_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv2->width, hsv2->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);

    IplImage *h_plane_3 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv3->width, hsv3->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *s_plane_3 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv3->width, hsv3->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    IplImage *v_plane_3 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(hsv3->width, hsv3->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);

    IplImage *planes1[] = { h_plane_1, s_plane_1 };                     //色相饱和度数组
    IplImage *planes2[] = { h_plane_2, s_plane_2 };                     //色相饱和度数组
    IplImage *planes3[] = { h_plane_3, s_plane_3 };                     //色相饱和度数组

    cvCvtPixToPlane(hsv1, h_plane_1, s_plane_1, v_plane_1, NULL);       //图像分割
    cvCvtPixToPlane(hsv2, h_plane_2, s_plane_2, v_plane_2, NULL);       //图像分割
    cvCvtPixToPlane(hsv3, h_plane_3, s_plane_3, v_plane_3, NULL);       //图像分割
    //cvSplit(hsv, h_plane, s_plane, v_plane, NULL);

    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        //建立直方图
        CvHistogram *hist1, *hist2, *hist3;

        int bins=0;
        int h_bins_1 = 2, s_bins_1 = 2;
        int h_bins_2 = 8, s_bins_2 = 8;
        int h_bins_3 = 16, s_bins_3 = 16;
        int h_bins_4 = 32, s_bins_4 = 32;
        int h_bins_5 = 256, s_bins_5 = 256;

        int hist_size_1[] = { h_bins_1, s_bins_1 }; //对应维数包含bins个数的数组
        int hist_size_2[] = { h_bins_2, s_bins_2 }; //对应维数包含bins个数的数组
        int hist_size_3[] = { h_bins_3, s_bins_3 }; //对应维数包含bins个数的数组
        int hist_size_4[] = { h_bins_4, s_bins_4 }; //对应维数包含bins个数的数组
        int hist_size_5[] = { h_bins_5, s_bins_5 }; //对应维数包含bins个数的数组

        float h_ranges[] = { 0, 180 };              //H通道划分范围 饱和度0-180
        float s_ranges[] = { 0, 255 };              //S通道划分范围
        float* ranges[] = { h_ranges, s_ranges };   //划分范围数对, 均匀bin，range只要最大最小边界
        //bins 2*2
        if (i == 0)
        {
            hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_1, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_1, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist3 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_1, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            bins = h_bins_1;
        }
        //bins 8*8
        if (i == 1)
        {
            hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_2, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_2, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist3 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_2, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            bins = h_bins_2;
        }
        //bins 16*16
        if (i == 2)
        {
            hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_3, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_3, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist3 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_3, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            bins = h_bins_3;
        }
        //bins 32*32
        if (i == 3)
        {
            hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_4, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_4, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist3 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_4, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            bins = h_bins_4;
        }
        //bins 256*256
        if (i == 4)
        {
            hist1 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_5, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist2 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_5, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            hist3 = cvCreateHist(2, hist_size_5, CV_HIST_ARRAY, ranges, 1);
            bins = h_bins_5;
        }

        //创建直方图 （维数，对应维数bins个数，密集矩阵方式存储，划分范围数对，均匀直方图）
        cvCalcHist(planes1, hist1, 0, 0);       //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）
        cvCalcHist(planes2, hist2, 0, 0);       //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）
        cvCalcHist(planes3, hist3, 0, 0);       //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）
        //cvCalcHist(planes1, hist1, 0, Imask);     //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）
        //cvCalcHist(planes2, hist2, 0, Imask);     //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）
        //cvCalcHist(planes3, hist3, 0, Imask);     //计算直方图（图像，直方图结构，不累加，掩码）


        cvNormalizeHist(hist1, 1.0);            //直方图归一化
        cvNormalizeHist(hist2, 1.0);            //直方图归一化
        cvNormalizeHist(hist3, 1.0);            //直方图归一化

        //比较直方图
        for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        {
            double value1 = cvCompareHist(hist1, hist2, j);         //相关方式比较
            double value2 = cvCompareHist(hist1, hist3, j);         //相关方式比较
                if (j == 0)
                {
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist2 ,CORREL: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value1);
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist3 ,CORREL: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value2);
                }
                if (j == 1)
                {
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist2 ,CHISQR: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value1);
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist3 ,CHISQR: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value2);
                }
                if (j == 2)
                {
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist2 ,INTERSECT: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value1);
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist3 ,INTERSECT: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value2);
                }
                if (j == 3)
                {
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist2 ,BHATTACHARYYA: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value1);
                    printf("Bins:%d*%d ,Hist1 & Hist3 ,BHATTACHARYYA: %lf;\n", bins, bins, value2);
                }   
        }
        cvReleaseHist(&hist1);
        cvReleaseHist(&hist2);
        cvReleaseHist(&hist3);

        cout << endl;
    }

    cvNamedWindow("SRC1", 1);
    cvNamedWindow("SRC2", 1);
    cvNamedWindow("SRC3", 1);
    cvNamedWindow("IMASK", 1);

    cvShowImage("SRC1", src1);
    cvShowImage("SRC2", src2);
    cvShowImage("SRC3", src3);
    cvShowImage("IMASK", Imask);

    cvWaitKey(0);
    system("pause");

    cvReleaseImage(&src1);
    cvReleaseImage(&src2);
    cvReleaseImage(&src3);
    cvReleaseImage(&Imask);
    cvReleaseImage(&hsv1);
    cvReleaseImage(&hsv2);
    cvReleaseImage(&hsv3);
    cvReleaseImage(&h_plane_1);
    cvReleaseImage(&s_plane_1);
    cvReleaseImage(&v_plane_1);
    cvReleaseImage(&h_plane_2);
    cvReleaseImage(&s_plane_2);
    cvReleaseImage(&v_plane_2);
    cvReleaseImage(&h_plane_3);
    cvReleaseImage(&s_plane_3);
    cvReleaseImage(&v_plane_3);

    cvDestroyAllWindows();
}

运行结果：