在测试代码中手动调用FileSystemXmlApplicationContext的getBean方法,以查看Spring的Ioc过程
public class MaiClass {
public static void main(String[] args){
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext fileSystemXmlApplicationContext =
new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:spring-config.xml");
TestBean testBean = (TestBean) fileSystemXmlApplicationContext.getBean("TestBean");
testBean.print();
}
}
FileSystemXmlApplicationContext调用了AbstractBeanFactory的getBean方法,进而调用了
doGetBean方法,这个方法中,获取如果是单例Bean,先从缓存中取得实例,若实例为空则执行创建新
的Bean,若不是单例bean,则直接创建。同时判断循环依赖,Spring仅能处理单例对象之间基于setter
方式注入的循环依赖,否则抛出BeanCurrentlyInCreationException异常。
protected <T> T doGetBean(//这里是实际取得Bean的地方,也是出发依赖注入发生的地方
final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
//取beanName 去掉开头的&??如果是别名,获取真实的beanName
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
//1.先从缓存中取得Bean,处理那些已经被创建过的单例模式的Bean,对这种Bean请求不需要重复创建,不加锁判断,提高效率
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}//完成FactoryBean的相关处理,取的FactoryBean的生产结果
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// Spring 仅能够处理单例对象之间基于 setter 注入方式造成的循环依赖,
// 除此之外全部抛出 BeanCurrentlyInCreationException 异常。
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
//这里IOC容器中的BeanDefinition是否存在进行检查,检查是否能在当前的BeanFactory中取的需要的Bean。
//如果在当前工厂取不到,则至双亲BeanFactory中取,如果双亲取不到,则沿着双亲一直向上查找
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);//标记bean已经被创建
}
try {//这里根据Bean的名字取的RootBeanDefinition
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
//获取当前Bean的所有依赖Bean,这样会触发getBean的递归调用,知道渠道一个没有任何以来的Bean位置
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
//这里通过调用createBean方法创建Singleton bean实例,这里有一个回调函数getObject,会在getSingleton中调用ObjectFactory的createBean
// 此处还会对缓存中是否存有单例对象进行加锁判断,若确实无对象,调用ObjectFactory的createBean创建对象
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
@Override
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
//这里是创建prototype bean的地方
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
@Override
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
//对创建的Bean类型检查,如果没有问题,就返回这个新船建的Bean,这个Bean已经是包含了依赖关系的Bean
// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
return getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
查看AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的createBean方法,这个方法简单来说,就是根据bean是否配置过aop来觉定bean的实例化过程
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
//这里判断要创建的Bean是否可以实例化,这个类是否可以通过类装载器载入
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// 准备和验证配置的方法注入
try {
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {//跟aop相关
// 如果Bean配置了PostPeocessor,那么这里返回的是一个proxy
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
//这里是创建Bean的调用
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
若bean没有配置aop,调用doCreateBean创建bean实例,doCreateBean方法对Bean的实例进行创建,然后通过后置处理器对Bean中@Resource、@Autowired之类的注解进行预处理,并把处理后得到的信息注册到BeanDefinition中去,然后解决单例的循环依赖问题,最后调用populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper)方法进行依赖注入。
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// 这个BeanWrapper是是用来持有创建出来的Bean对象的
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {//如果是单例,先把缓存中的同名Bean清除
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {//这里是创建Bean的地方,由createBeanInstance完成
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
Class<?> beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {//这个方法获取带有注解的成员变量和方法,注册到BeanDefinition里面,如果@Resource@Autowired等
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references单例bean解决循环依赖问题
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.单例&&允许循环依赖&&单例bean正在创建
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
@Override
public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
}
});
}
//这里是对Bean的初始化,依赖注入往往在这里发生,这个exposedObject在初始化完以后会返回作为依赖注入完成后的Bean
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);//!!!!!!!!!!!!
if (exposedObject != null) {
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
doCreateBean调用createBeanInstance对Bean进行实例化
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
// 确认需要创建的Bean实例的类可以实例化
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
//判断bean是不是public
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
//使用 factory-method方法对Bean进行实例化
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean... 重新创建相同bean的捷径?
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
//使用构造函数进行实例化
// 根据后置处理器获取构造器,@Lookup是啥
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
//使用默认的构造函数对Bean进行实例化
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
createBeanInstance有调用了AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的instantiateBean方法对Bean进行实例化,此方法获取InstantiationStrategy的对象,然后通过InstantiationStrategy调用instantiate对Bean进行实例化。
InstantiationStrategy调用instantiate对Bean类型进行判断,如果是lookup-method和replace-method注入,则采用CGLIB创建对象,否则,采用构造器创建对象。
对象创建完成后,封装到BeanWrapper中。回到AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory的doCreateBean方法中,接着调用applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors对Bean中的@Autowired、@Resource之类的注解,通过后置处理器进行预解析,解析结果存入到BeanDefnition中。接着处理单例Bean的循环依赖问题。这两处就不再详细解释,后续单独说明。
完成这些操作,接下来调用populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper)完成Bean的依赖注入,下节再说。