javaweb跳转

跳转
	概述
		在servlet中实现资源的跳转。包含请求转发和重定向两种方式
	重定向
		概述
			请求发送给服务器后，服务器产生新的地址并发送给客户端；
			客户端接收到新地址后重新发送请求并得到响应。
		实现
			response对象.sendRedirect(URL);

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Redirect01"})
public class Redirect01 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5096088127501474424L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 Redirect01");
        request.setAttribute("slogan","桃李不言下自成蹊");
        // 网页重定向
        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/Redirect02");
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Redirect02"})
public class Redirect02 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1046620871038602664L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 Redirect02");
        // 网页重定向
        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/Redirect03");
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Redirect03"})
public class Redirect03 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1514803687180205194L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String slogan = (String) request.getAttribute("slogan");
        System.out.println("slgoan >>> " + slogan);
        System.out.println("我是 Redirect03");
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/RedirectOuter"})
public class RedirectOuter extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1514803687180205194L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 RedirectOuter");
        // 网页重定向
        response.sendRedirect("https://blog.csdn.net/qq_24330181");
    }
}

	请求转发
		概述
			请求发送给服务器，服务器经过内部跳转后将响应结果发送给客户端。
		实现
			request对象.getRequestDispatcher(URL).forward(request对象，response对象);

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Forword01"})
public class Forword01 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 2433576604630172419L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是Forword01");
        // 向request域中存储数据	与request绑定
        request.setAttribute("slogan","桃李不言下自成蹊");
        // 请求转发
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/Forword02").forward(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Forword02"})
public class Forword02 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -3977086887896944656L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是Forword02");
        // 请求转发
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/Forword03").forward(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/Forword03"})
public class Forword03 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -4225527567848221026L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String slogan = (String) request.getAttribute("slogan");
        System.out.println(slogan);
        System.out.println("我是Forword03");
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/ForwardInner01"})
public class ForwardInner01 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8498702182563506773L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 ForwardInner01");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/forward.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/ForwardInner02"})
public class ForwardInner02 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -5216328735605010196L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 ForwardInner02");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/forward/forward.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/ForwardInner03"})
public class ForwardInner03 extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8277160841787323521L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 ForwardInner03");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/forward.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }
}

@WebServlet(urlPatterns = {"/ForwardOuter"})
public class ForwardOuter extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6089159988815403493L;

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("我是 ForwardOuter");
        // 请求无法跳转到站外站点
        request.getRequestDispatcher("https://space.bilibili.com/480308139").forward(request, response);
    }
}

	问
		请求转发与重定向有什么不同？
		1、重定向地址栏发生改变；请求转发地址栏不发生改变
		2、重定向需要进行二次跳转；请求转发一次跳转完成
		3、重定向过程中参数会丢失；请求转发过程中参数不会丢失
		4、重定向可以跳转到服务器以外的资源；请求转发无法跳转到服务器以外的资源
		5、重定向一次跳转后返回302码及ULR地址；请求转发直接返回200
		6、重定向无法跳转WEB-INF目录内的站点；请求转发可以跳转WEB-INF目录内的站点

	使用
		1、重定向：a、服务器外的跳转；b、浏览器地址栏需要改变
		2、请求转发：a、不访问外部资源；b、参数不能丢参数失