Python一些入门知识002控制流

Python中判断语句同样是if-else块格式如下：

number = 23

guess = int(input('Enter an integer :'))
if guess == number:
    print('Congratulations, you guessedit.')
    print('(but you do not win anyprizes!)')
elif guess < number:
    print('No, it is a little higher thanthat')
else:
    print('No, it is a little lower thanthat')

print('Done')

需要注意的就是另一个条件跟以前不同使用的是elif不再是else if，同样else跟elif块是可选项，还有一点Python中没有switch语句，可用if..elif..else来代替。

While循环不再用case选择条件，而是用if..else来进行条件判断，while同样可以有else子句，例如：

number = 23
running = True

while running:
    guess = int(input('Enter an integer :'))
    if guess == number:
        print('Congratulations, you guessedit.')
        running = False
    elif guess < number:
        print('No, it is a little higher thanthat.')
    else:
        print('No, it is a little lower thanthat.')
else:
    print('The while loop is over.')
print('Done')

 

输出：

Enter an integer : 50
No, it is a little lower than that.
Enter an integer : 22
No, it is a little higher than that.
Enter an integer : 23
Congratulations, you guessed it.
The while loop is over.
Done

For循环有一点不同，形势不再像C/C++,不过还是一样的，换汤不换药:

for i in range(1, 5):
    print(i)

else:
    print('The for loop is over')

输出：

1
2
3
4
The for loop is over

break语句还是中断循环，用简单的话来描述就是跳出循环

while True:
    s = input('Enter something : ')
    if s == 'quit':
        break
    print('Length of the string is',len(s))
print('Done')

输出：

Enter something : Programming is fun
Length of the string is 18
Enter something : When the work isdone
Length of the string is 21
Enter something : if you wanna makeyour work also fun:
Length of the string is 37
Enter something : use Python!
Length of the string is 11
Enter something : quit
Done

continue语句是跳出当前循环，继续下一次循环，例：

while True:
    s = input('Enter something : ')
    if s == 'quit':
        break
    if len(s) < 3:
        print('Too small')
        continue
print('Input is of sufficient length')

输出：

Enter something : a
Too small
Enter something : 12
Too small
Enter something : abc
Input is of sufficient length
Enter something : quit