反转字符串:
asd fgh => hgf dsa
反转句子:
asd fgh => fgh asd
要求:
尽量不使用额外空间(仅在str转换的char[]中操作)
代码:
package com.my.test.datastructure.str;
/**
* 句子反转:
* ABC DEF => DEF ABC
*
* 字符串反转:
* ABC DEF => FED CBA
*
* https://blog.csdn.net/EuniBoom/article/details/80136800
*/
public class ReverseStrOrSentence
{
/**
* 反转句子(丢弃了句子结尾的空格)
*
* 利用StringBuilder + split实现 需要额外空间
*
* ABC DEF => DEF ABC
*/
public static String reverseSentenceBySB(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return str;
}
final String space = " ";
String[] arr = str.split(space);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int len = arr.length;
for (int i=len-1; i>=0; i--) {
// 不要忘记需要加上空格
if (i != len - 1) {
sb.append(space);
}
sb.append(arr[i]);
}
return sb. toString();
}
/**
* ABC DEF => DEF ABC
*
* 利用StringBuilder + toCharArray实现 需要额外空间
*
*/
public static String reverseSentenceByCharArr(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return str;
}
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int len = arr.length;
int pos = 0;
for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
// 单引号是char类型,双引号是string类型!
char cur = arr[i];
// 遇见空格说明一个单词结束
if (cur == ' ') {
pos = 0;
}
sb.insert(pos, cur);
// 非空格增加pos
if (cur != ' ') {
pos++;
}
}
return sb. toString();
}
/**
* 翻转句子
* 不需要额外空间
*
* 如:student a am I => I am a student
*/
public static String reverseSentence(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
// 先全量反转整个字符串
int len = arr.length;
reverseCharArr(arr, 0, len - 1);
// 在根据空格分割,分别反转单词
int start = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len ; i++) {
// 遇到空格反转单词
if (arr[i] == ' ') {
reverseCharArr(arr, start, i - 1);
start = i + 1;
// 句子最后反转单词
} else if (i == len - 1) {
reverseCharArr(arr, start, i);
}
}
return new String(arr);
}
/**
* 翻转字符数组的部分元素,start为起始索引,end为终止索引
*/
private static void reverseCharArr(char[] arr, int start, int end) {
// 只有一个单词或参数不合法,不进行反转
if (end - start < 1) {
return;
}
// 内部函数,调用处保证参数合法性,无需校验
int i = start;
int j = end;
while (i<j) {
// 位操作交换两个字符
arr[i] = (char)(arr[i] ^ arr[j]);
arr[j] = (char)(arr[i] ^ arr[j]);
arr[i] = (char)(arr[i] ^ arr[j]);
i++;
j--;
}
}
/**
* ABC DEF => FEB CBA
*
* 利用StringBuilder实现 性能较低
*
*/
public static String reverseStrBySB(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return str;
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str);
return sb.reverse().toString();
}
/**
* ABC DEF => FEB CBA
*
* 利用StringBuilder + toCharArray实现 需要额外空间
*
*/
public static String reverseStrByCharArr(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return str;
}
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
int len = arr.length;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i=len-1; i>=0; i--) {
sb.append(arr[i]);
}
return sb.toString();
}
/**
* 翻转字符串,不使用额外空间
* 例如:asd fgh => hgf dsa
*/
public static String reverseStr(String str) {
if (str == null || str.isEmpty()) {
return null;
}
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
// 翻转字符数组
reverseCharArr(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
return new String(arr);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String str = "ABC DEF GHI JK ";
System.out.println(reverseSentenceBySB(str));
System.out.println(reverseSentenceByCharArr(str));
System.out.println(reverseSentence(str));
System.out.println(reverseStrBySB(str));
System.out.println(reverseStrByCharArr(str));
System.out.println(reverseStr(str));
}
}
参考:
反转一个英文句子:https://blog.csdn.net/kakascx/article/details/52226382
反转字符串的7种方法:https://blog.csdn.net/EuniBoom/article/details/80136800
将英文句子倒转:https://blog.csdn.net/yk3372/article/details/53153311