设计模式之状态模式

 

糖果机器：分为投入硬币-》转动手柄-》抛出糖果

代码：

状态上下文类：GumballMachine.java

/**
 * 投币机
 */
@Data
@ToString
public class GumballMachine {

    State soldOutState;
    State noQuarterState;
    State hasQuarterState;
    State winnerState;
    State state = soldOutState;
    int count = 0;

    public GumballMachine(int count){

        soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
        noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
        hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
        soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
        winnerState = new WinnerState(this);

        this.count = count;
       if (count > 0){
           state = noQuarterState;
       }

    }

    public void insertQuarter(){
        state.insertQuarter();
    }

    public void ejectQuarter(){
        state.ejectQuarter();
    }

    public void turnCrank(){
        state.tumCrank();
    }

    public void releaseBall(){
        System.out.println("一颗糖果出来了");
        if (count!= 0){
            count--;
        }
    }   
}

2、接口：State

/**
 * @author one3c-zanpengfei
 */
public interface State {

    /**
     * 投币
     */
    void insertQuarter();

    /**
     * 退币
     */
    void ejectQuarter();

    /**
     * 转动曲柄
     */
    void tumCrank();

    /**
     * 发放糖果
     */
    void dispense();
}

3、状态实现类：SoldState.java

/**
 * 售的状态
 */
public class SoldState implements State {

    GumballMachine gumballMachine;

    public SoldState(GumballMachine gumballMachine){
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
    @Override
    public void insertQuarter() {
        System.out.println("请稍等，我们已经准备好了，给你一颗糖果");

    }

    @Override
    public void ejectQuarter() {
        System.out.println("不好意思，你已经转动把柄了");

    }

    @Override
    public void tumCrank() {
        System.out.println("不好意思，你已经转动了，再次转动不会再给你一个");

    }

    @Override
    public void dispense() {

        gumballMachine.releaseBall();


        if (gumballMachine.getCount() > 0){
            gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
        }else {
            System.out.println("糖果已经出来了");
            gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
        }

    }
}

4、状态：SoldOutState.java

/**
 * 售完状态
 */
public class SoldOutState implements State {

    GumballMachine gumballMachine;

    public SoldOutState(GumballMachine gumballMachine){
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
    @Override
    public void insertQuarter() {
        System.out.println("你不能投入币了，这个机器已经卖完了");
    }

    @Override
    public void ejectQuarter() {
        System.out.println("你不能退币，你还没有投入币");

    }

    @Override
    public void tumCrank() {
        System.out.println("你已经转动了，但是没有糖果");

    }

    @Override
    public void dispense() {
        System.out.println("没有糖果出来");
    }
}

5、HasQuarterState.java

/**
 * 有币的状态
 */
public class HasQuarterState implements State {

    Random randomWinner = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
    GumballMachine gumballMachine;

    public HasQuarterState(GumballMachine gumballMachine){
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
    @Override
    public void insertQuarter() {
        System.out.println("你已经投入币了，不能再次投入");

    }

    @Override
    public void ejectQuarter() {
        System.out.println("币退出");
        gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
    }

    @Override
    public void tumCrank() {
        System.out.println("你已经转了");
        int winner = randomWinner.nextInt(10);
        if ((winner == 0) && (gumballMachine.getCount() > 1)){
            gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getWinnerState());
        }else{
            gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void dispense() {
        System.out.println("没有糖果了");

    }
}

6、NoQuarterState.java

/**
 * 没有币状态
 */
public class NoQuarterState implements State {

    GumballMachine gumballMachine;

    public NoQuarterState(GumballMachine gumballMachine){
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
    @Override
    public void insertQuarter() {
        System.out.println("你已经投入币了");
        gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getHasQuarterState());
    }

    @Override
    public void ejectQuarter() {
        System.out.println("你没有投入币一个币");

    }

    @Override
    public void tumCrank() {
        System.out.println("你已经转动了，但是没有糖果");

    }

    @Override
    public void dispense() {
        System.out.println("没有糖果出来,你需要投入币");
    }
}

7、测试类：GumballMachine.java

/**
 * 投币机
 */
@Data
@ToString
public class GumballMachine {

    State soldOutState;
    State noQuarterState;
    State hasQuarterState;
    State winnerState;
    State state = soldOutState;
    int count = 0;

    public GumballMachine(int count){

        soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
        noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
        hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
        soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
        winnerState = new WinnerState(this);

        this.count = count;
       if (count > 0){
           state = noQuarterState;
       }

    }

    public void insertQuarter(){
        state.insertQuarter();
    }

    public void ejectQuarter(){
        state.ejectQuarter();
    }

    public void turnCrank(){
        state.tumCrank();
    }

    public void releaseBall(){
        System.out.println("一颗糖果出来了");
        if (count!= 0){
            count--;
        }
    }

}

8、WinnerState.java

/**
 * @author one3c-zanpengfei
 */
public class WinnerState implements State {

    GumballMachine gumballMachine;

    public WinnerState (GumballMachine gumballMachine){
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
    @Override
    public void insertQuarter() {
        System.out.println("请稍等，我们已经准备好了，给你一颗糖果");

    }

    @Override
    public void ejectQuarter() {
        System.out.println("不好意思，你已经转动把柄了");

    }

    @Override
    public void tumCrank() {
        System.out.println("不好意思，你已经转动了，再次转动不会再给你一个");

    }

    @Override
    public void dispense() {

        System.out.println("你是获胜者，你将得到2颗糖果");
        gumballMachine.releaseBall();

        //如果没有糖果，则设置状态为售罄
        if (gumballMachine.getCount() == 0){
            gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
        }else {
            gumballMachine.releaseBall();
            if (gumballMachine.getCount() > 0 ){
                gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
            }else {
                System.out.println("再也没有糖果了");
                gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
            }
        }

    }
}