linux上安装mysql详解

离线包安装

1.查看是否安装mysql

ps -ef | grep mysql

2.下载mysql

进入官网下载

3.上传至服务器并在解压

tar -xf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

4.重命名并移动到/usr/local下

mv mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
mv mysql /usr/local/mysql

5.创建用户组并分配

创建mysql用户及其组 并将上一步解压出来的mysql赋予该用户及用户组

 groupadd mysql 
 useradd -r -g mysql mysql
 chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/
 chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/

6.创建数据目录并赋权

 mkdir -p /data/mysql
 chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql

7.修改配置文件 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

8.初始化数据库并查看密码

需注意是否与上一步一致

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

cat /data/mysql/mysql.err

9.将mysql服务加入到系统服务并启动mysql

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
service mysql start

10.登录服务 并修改密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;