输入输出挂模板

可用于正负数(int , long long , float , double)

template <class T>
bool read(T &ret)
{
    char c; 
    int sgn; 
    T bit = 0.1;
    if (c=getchar(), c==EOF) 
    {
        return 0;
    }
    while (c != '-' && c != '.' && (c < '0' || c > '9')) 
    {
        c = getchar();
    }
    sgn = (c == '-') ? -1 : 1;
    ret = (c == '-') ? 0 : (c - '0');
    while (c = getchar(), c >= '0' && c <= '9')
    {
        ret = ret * 10 + (c - '0');
    }
    if (c == ' ' || c == '\n')
    {
        ret *= sgn;
        return 1;
    }
    while (c = getchar(), c >= '0' && c <= '9')
    {
        ret += (c - '0') * bit, bit /= 10;
    }
    ret *= sgn;
    return 1;
}

inline void out(int x)
{
    if (x > 9)
    {
        out(x / 10);
    }
    putchar(x % 10 + '0');
}