OGNL是Object-Graph Navigation Language 的缩写,它是一种简单而且强大的表达式语言(EL),在struts2中OGNL能让我们访问存储在ValueStack(值栈)和 ActionContext(Action上下文)里的值。
下面是一个我们通过OGNL取得String型数组的里面的值和使用OGNL读取集合的值,我们现在创建一个Action类,在Action类里我们创建一个String型数组和List集合,然后初始化它。
package com.zcl.struts.ognl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class SampleAction {
private String[] sampleArray ;
{
sampleArray = new String[]{"item1","item2","item3"} ;
}
private List<String>sampleList = new ArrayList<String>() ;
{
sampleList.add("listItem1") ;
sampleList.add("listItem2") ;
sampleList.add("listItem3") ;
}
private Map<Integer,String>sampleMap = new HashMap<Integer,String>();
private String carMake ;
{
sampleMap.put(new Integer(1), "one") ;
sampleMap.put(new Integer(2), "two") ;
sampleMap.put(new Integer(3), "three") ;
}
public String execute(){
return "success" ;
}
public String[] getSampleArray() {
return sampleArray;
}
public void setSampleArray(String[] sampleArray) {
this.sampleArray = sampleArray;
}
public List<String> getSampleList() {
return sampleList;
}
public void setSampleList(List<String> sampleList) {
this.sampleList = sampleList;
}
public Map<Integer, String> getSampleMap() {
return sampleMap;
}
public void setSampleMap(Map<Integer, String> sampleMap) {
this.sampleMap = sampleMap;
}
public String getCarMake() {
return carMake;
}
public void setCarMake(String carMake) {
this.carMake = carMake;
}
}
由于我们的在ValueStack的栈顶,我们能够使用[0]去访问它,当然如果在栈顶下的第二个位置,我们能够使用[1]去取得。我们也能使用top关键字,它返回栈顶元素。
下面通过getvalue.jsp取得默认设置的值
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>using the OGNL expression language</title>
</head>
<body>
<b>Array Usage Examples</b>
<br/><hr/>
<b>sampleArray :</b><s:property value="sampleArray"/><br/>
<b>sampleArray.length :</b><s:property value="sampleArray.length"/><br/>
<b>sampleArray[0] :</b><s:property value="sampleArray[0]"/><br/>
<b>[0].sampleArray :</b><s:property value="[0].sampleArray"/><br/>
<b>top.sampleArray :</b><s:property value="top.sampleArray"/><br/>
<br/><b>List Usage Examples</b>
<hr/>
<b>sampleList :</b><s:property value="sampleList"/><br/>
<b>sampleList.size :</b><s:property value="sampleList.size"/><br/>
<b>top.sampleList :</b><s:property value="top.sampleList"/><br/>
<br/><b>Map Usage Examples</b>
<hr/>
<b>sampleMap[1] :</b><s:property value="sampleMap[1]"/><br/>
<b>sampleMap.size :</b><s:property value="sampleMap.size"/><br/>
<s:select list="#{'make1':'Ford', 'make2':'Honda', 'make3':'Toyota'}" name="carMake" label="Select"></s:select>
</body>
</html>
ok现在我们开始配置struts.xml文件,在struts.xml文件里加入如下代码
<package name="ognl" extends="struts-default">
<action name="SampleAction" class="com.zcl.struts.ognl.SampleAction">
<result name="success">/getvalue.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
然后在地址栏输入:http://localhost:8888/struts/SampleAction,返回结果如下:
接下来我们来看下通过OGNL来取得更深的值,我们有一个SecondAction类,里面应用了User类的对象,在jsp里怎么来取得User类的属性值。
下面是SecondAction类
package com.zcl.struts.ognl;
public class SecondAction {
private User user = new User() ;
public String execute(){
user.setName("Zhao") ;
user.setAge(22) ;
return "success" ;
}
public String getInfo(){
return "Don't think, just do" ;
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
里面引用了一个User对象,创建user类,里面包含两个属性name和age:
package com.zcl.struts.ognl;
public class User {
private String name ;
private int age ;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
下面我们在getuser.jsp页面里实现取得user的属性值和方法的返回值
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>ongl</title>
</head>
<body>
<b>user.name :</b><s:property value="user.name"/><br/>
<b>user.age :</b><s:property value="user.age"/><br/>
<b>getInfo() :</b><s:property value="getInfo()"/>
</body>
</html>
ok现在配置struts.xml文件看看是否取到了呢。
<package name="ognl1" extends="struts-default">
<action name="SecondAction" class="com.zcl.struts.ognl.SecondAction">
<result name="success">/getuser.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
运行结果:
ok,果然取到了,其实我觉得这些东西代码写多了,了解下ValueStack和ActionContext基本就能理解和和应用了。