android自定义属性

本文参考：http://blog.csdn.net/u013205623/article/details/53580426

一、自定义控件属性

自定义控件属性使用：

1，在values目录下新建atttrs.xml文件；【文件较多时，可实现分包新建 attrs_register.xml】
2，声明属性详情；
3，自定义控件构造方法中获取属性，并在实际构建View时使用。
示例：
新建attrs.xml文件，声明属性详情：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<resources>  
    <declare-styleable name="SelfDefineTextView"> //属于指定控件名的属性  
        <attr name="name" format="string" />  
        <attr name="attr" format="enum">  
            <enum name="desc" value="0" />  
            <enum name="detail" value="1" />  
        </attr>  
        <attr name="work" format="boolean" />  
        <attr name="color1" format="reference|color" />  
        <attr name="state">  
            <flag name="young" value="18" />  
            <flag name="adult" value="28" />  
            <flag name="old" value="60" />  
        </attr>  
        <attr name="size" format="dimension" />  
        <!--分数-->  
        <attr name="fraction" format="fraction" />  
        <attr name="other" format="float" />  
    </declare-styleable>  
</resources> 

获取属性并使用：

public SelfDefineTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {  
      super(context, attrs);  

      TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView);  

      String attr = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_attr);  
      String name = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_name);  
      int color = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_color1, 0xFF45C01A);  
      float fraction = typedArray.getFraction(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_fraction, 1, 1, 0.5f);  
      float other = typedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_other, 0f);  
      float size = typedArray.getDimension(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_size, 20f);  
        String state = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_state);  
      int state = typedArray.getInt(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_state, -1);  
      boolean work = typedArray.getBoolean(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_work, false);  

      typedArray.recycle();  

      this.setTextSize(size);  
      this.setTextColor(color);  
      this.setText(  
              "attr:" + attr + "\n" +  
                      "name:" + name + "\n" +  
                      "fraction:" + fraction + "\n" +  
                      "other:" + other + "\n" +  
                      "state:" + state + "\n" +  
                      "work:" + work  
      );  
  }  

属性获取第二种方式：

/*第二种方式：*/  
TypedArray typedArray1 = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView);  
int n = typedArray1.getIndexCount();  
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {  
    int attrStr = typedArray1.getIndex(i);  
    switch (attrStr) {  
        case R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_name:  
            String nameStr = typedArray1.getString(attrStr);  
            break;  
    }  
}  

使用时：

<com.future.selfdefineview.view.SelfDefineTextView  
    android:id="@+id/self_define_text_view"  
    android:layout_width="match_parent"  
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
    attrtest:attr="desc"  
    attrtest:color1="#f91245ff"  
    attrtest:fraction="10%"  
    attrtest:name="自定义TextView"  
    attrtest:other="96.88"  
    attrtest:size="@dimen/text_size"  
    attrtest:state="adult"  
    attrtest:work="true">  

细节注意点：

1，属性声明文件中该自定义控件的名字与自定义控件名相同；【可不一样，不建议】
最重要的一点是declare-styleable旁边有一个name属性，这个name的取值就是对应所定义的类名。即要为哪个类添加自定义的属性，那这个name属性的值就是哪个
————————–SelfDefineTextView【自定义控件名/属性命名】
2，属性获取时，参数变量是属性命名_详细属性 得方式；
————————–String attr = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.SelfDefineTextView_attr);
3，TypeArray对象使用完时，一定释放：
————————–typedArray.recycle();
4，属性集导入方式：
xmlns:attrstest=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”

二、属性详解

属性取值类型有：

● reference:引用资源  
● string:字符串  
● Color：颜色  
● boolean：布尔值  
● dimension：尺寸值  
● float：浮点型  
● integer：整型  
● fraction：百分数  
● enum：枚举类型  
● flag：位或运算 

• reference指的是从string.xml、drawable.xml、color.xml等引用过来的值
• flag是自己定义的,类似于 android:gravity=”top”
• dimension 指的是是从dimension.xml里引用过来的内容.注意,这里如果是dp那就会做像素转换

1，TypeArray获取属性值：

typedArray.getInt(int index, float defValue);    
typedArray.getDimension(int index, float defValue);    
typedArray.getBoolean(int index, float defValue);    
typedArray.getColor(int index, float defValue);    
typedArray.getString(int index)    
typedArray.getDrawable(int index);    
typedArray.getResources();   

2，具体详情

（1）refrerence:参考某一资源ID【Drawable】

<declare-styleable name = "名称">    
    <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />    
</declare-styleable>

<ImageView    
   android:layout_width = "86dip"    
   android:layout_height = "86dip"    
   android:background = "@drawable/图片ID"/>

（2）color：颜色值

<declare-styleable name = "名称">    
    <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />    
</declare-styleable>  

<TextView    
   android:layout_width = "32dip"    
   android:layout_height = "32dip"    
   android:textColor = "#FF0000"/>  

（3）boolean:布尔值，正确或者错误

<declare-styleable name = "名称">    
    <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />    
</declare-styleable>

<Button    
   android:layout_width = "40dip"    
   android:layout_height = "40dip"    
   android:focusable = "true"/>

（4）dimension：尺寸值【43dp/sp/px】

<declare-styleable name = "名称">    
    <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />    
</declare-styleable>   

<Button    
   android:layout_width = "66dip"    
   android:layout_height = "88dip"/> 

（5）float：小数值

<declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">    
    <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />    
    <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />    
</declare-styleable>

<alpha    
   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"    
   android:toAlpha = "0.7"/> 

（6）Integer：整数值

<declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">    
    <attr name = "visible" />    
    <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />    
    <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />    
    <attr name = "pivotX" />    
    <attr name = "pivotY" />    
    <attr name = "drawable" />    
</declare-styleable> 

<animated-rotate    
   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     
   android:drawable = "@drawable/图片ID"     
   android:pivotX = "50%"     
   android:pivotY = "50%"     
   android:framesCount = "12"     
   android:frameDuration = "100"/>

（7）string：字符串

<declare-styleable name = "SelfDefineTextView">    
       <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />    
</declare-styleable>

<com.future.view.SelfDefineTextView    
   android:layout_width = "fill_parent"    
   android:layout_height = "fill_parent"    
   android:apiKey = "jahkjgkanbvkjKNvlNLBnLnl" />  

（8）fraction：百分数

<declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">    
   <attr name = "visible" />    
   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />    
   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />    
   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />    
   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />    
   <attr name = "drawable" />    
</declare-styleable>

<rotate    
      xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
　　   android:interpolator = "@anim/动画ID"    
      android:fromDegrees = "0"    
　　   android:toDegrees = "360"    
      android:pivotX = "200%"    
      android:pivotY = "300%"    
　　   android:duration = "5000"    
      android:repeatMode = "restart"    
      android:repeatCount = "infinite"/>

（9）menu：枚举

<declare-styleable name="名称">    
   <attr name="orientation">    
      <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />    
      <enum name="vertical" value="1" />    
   </attr>               
</declare-styleable> 

<LinearLayout    
   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    
   android:orientation = "vertical"    
   android:layout_width = "fill_parent"    
   android:layout_height = "fill_parent">    
</LinearLayout>

（10）flag：位或运算

【类似menu】

<attr name="state">  
    <flag name="young" value="18" />  
    <flag name="adult" value="28" />  
    <flag name="old" value="60" />  
</attr>

attrtest:state="adult"

【类似或运算：表示或者或者】

<declare-styleable name="名称">    
   <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">    
       <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />    
       <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />    
       <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />    
       <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />    
       <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />    
       <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />    
       <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />    
       <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />    
       <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />    
       <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />    
    </attr>            
</declare-styleable>

<activity    
   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"    
   android:label = "@string/app_name"    
   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">    
   <intent-filter>    
       <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />    
       <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />    
  </intent-filter>    
</activity>