场景描述
简单说一下吧,有的客户习惯用FTP,但是也有一些客户考虑到安全,更倾向于SFTP,分开搭两个环境就太麻烦了,Proftpd就解决了这个问题呀,通过简单的配置就可以同时支持FTP和SFTP
注意事项
Proftpd默认配置是只支持FTP,如果我们想要启用SFTP,就需要用到 VirtualHost指令,详细解释直接看官网:
ProFTPD module mod_sftphttp://www.proftpd.org/docs/contrib/mod_sftp.html
VirtualHost directiveshttp://www.proftpd.org/docs/modules/mod_core.html#VirtualHost
<VirtualHost 172.17.37.93>
...
</VirtualHost>
配置文件
配置文件(/etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf)参数就不详细介绍了,网上有很多,关键是没有对sftp的配置,下面<IfModule mod_sftp.c> ... </IfModule>就是对sftp的配置,端口可灵活设置
#
# /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf -- This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file.
# To really apply changes, reload proftpd after modifications, if
# it runs in daemon mode. It is not required in inetd/xinetd mode.
#
# Includes DSO modules
Include /etc/proftpd/modules.conf
# Set off to disable IPv6 support which is annoying on IPv4 only boxes.
UseIPv6 on
# If set on you can experience a longer connection delay in many cases.
ServerName "Debian"
ServerType standalone
DeferWelcome off
MultilineRFC2228 on
DefaultServer on
ShowSymlinks on
TimeoutNoTransfer 600
TimeoutStalled 600
TimeoutIdle 1200
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayChdir .message true
ListOptions "-l"
DenyFilter \*.*/
# Use this to jail all users in their homes
# DefaultRoot ~
# Users require a valid shell listed in /etc/shells to login.
# Use this directive to release that constrain.
# RequireValidShell off
# Port 21 is the standard FTP port.
Port 21
# In some cases you have to specify passive ports range to by-pass
# firewall limitations. Ephemeral ports can be used for that, but
# feel free to use a more narrow range.
# PassivePorts 49152 65534
# If your host was NATted, this option is useful in order to
# allow passive tranfers to work. You have to use your public
# address and opening the passive ports used on your firewall as well.
# MasqueradeAddress 1.2.3.4
# This is useful for masquerading address with dynamic IPs:
# refresh any configured MasqueradeAddress directives every 8 hours
<IfModule mod_dynmasq.c>
# DynMasqRefresh 28800
</IfModule>
# To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes
# to 30. If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections
# at once, simply increase this value. Note that this ONLY works
# in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server
# that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service
# (such as xinetd)
MaxInstances 30
# Set the user and group that the server normally runs at.
User proftpd
Group nogroup
# Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new files and dirs
# (second parm) from being group and world writable.
Umask 022 022
# Normally, we want files to be overwriteable.
AllowOverwrite on
# Uncomment this if you are using NIS or LDAP via NSS to retrieve passwords:
# PersistentPasswd off
# This is required to use both PAM-based authentication and local passwords
# AuthOrder mod_auth_pam.c* mod_auth_unix.c
# Be warned: use of this directive impacts CPU average load!
# Uncomment this if you like to see progress and transfer rate with ftpwho
# in downloads. That is not needed for uploads rates.
#
# UseSendFile off
TransferLog /var/log/proftpd/xferlog
SystemLog /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
# Logging onto /var/log/lastlog is enabled but set to off by default
#UseLastlog on
# In order to keep log file dates consistent after chroot, use timezone info
# from /etc/localtime. If this is not set, and proftpd is configured to
# chroot (e.g. DefaultRoot or <Anonymous>), it will use the non-daylight
# savings timezone regardless of whether DST is in effect.
#SetEnv TZ :/etc/localtime
<IfModule mod_quotatab.c>
QuotaEngine off
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ratio.c>
Ratios off
</IfModule>
# Delay engine reduces impact of the so-called Timing Attack described in
# http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/11430/discuss
# It is on by default.
<IfModule mod_delay.c>
DelayEngine on
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ctrls.c>
ControlsEngine off
ControlsMaxClients 2
ControlsLog /var/log/proftpd/controls.log
ControlsInterval 5
ControlsSocket /var/run/proftpd/proftpd.sock
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_ctrls_admin.c>
AdminControlsEngine off
</IfModule>
#
# Alternative authentication frameworks
#
#Include /etc/proftpd/ldap.conf
#Include /etc/proftpd/sql.conf
#
# This is used for FTPS connections
#
#Include /etc/proftpd/tls.conf
#
# Useful to keep VirtualHost/VirtualRoot directives separated
#
#Include /etc/proftpd/virtuals.conf
# A basic anonymous configuration, no upload directories.
# <Anonymous ~ftp>
# User ftp
# Group nogroup
# # We want clients to be able to login with "anonymous" as well as "ftp"
# UserAlias anonymous ftp
# # Cosmetic changes, all files belongs to ftp user
# DirFakeUser on ftp
# DirFakeGroup on ftp
#
# RequireValidShell off
#
# # Limit the maximum number of anonymous logins
# MaxClients 10
#
# # We want 'welcome.msg' displayed at login, and '.message' displayed
# # in each newly chdired directory.
# DisplayLogin welcome.msg
# DisplayChdir .message
#
# # Limit WRITE everywhere in the anonymous chroot
# <Directory *>
# <Limit WRITE>
# DenyAll
# </Limit>
# </Directory>
#
# # Uncomment this if you're brave.
# # <Directory incoming>
# # # Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new files and dirs
# # # (second parm) from being group and world writable.
# # Umask 022 022
# # <Limit READ WRITE>
# # DenyAll
# # </Limit>
# # <Limit STOR>
# # AllowAll
# # </Limit>
# # </Directory>
#
# </Anonymous>
# Include other custom configuration files
Include /etc/proftpd/conf.d/
DefaultRoot ~
AllowForeignAddress OFF
AuthUserFile /etc/ftpd.passwd
<IfModule mod_rlimit.c>
RLimitMemory session 4G
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_sftp.c>
<VirtualHost 0.0.0.0>
ServerName "SFTP Server"
DefaultRoot ~
SFTPEngine on
Port 2223
SFTPLog /var/log/proftpd/sftp.log
# Configure both the RSA and DSA host keys, using the same host key
# files that OpenSSH uses.
SFTPHostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
SFTPHostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
# SFTPAuthMethods publickey
SFTPAuthMethods password
SFTPAuthorizedUserKeys file:/etc/proftpd/authorized_keys/%u
AuthUserFile /etc/sftpd.passwd
# Enable compression
SFTPCompression delayed
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
<Directory "/vol/SFF">
<Limit WRITE>
</Limit>
</Directory>
<Directory "/vol/SF">
<Limit WRITE>
</Limit>
</Directory>
如果FTP跟SFTP是同一个用户,需要注意:
1. 密码文件最好分开(例如:FTP -- /etc/ftpd/passwd,SFTP -- /etc/sftpd.passwd)
2. 密码可以相同,但是需要使用ftpasswd两次,分别生成自己的密钥
echo 1 | ftpasswd --passwd --stdin --file /etc/ftpd.passwd --gid 2005 --uid 2005 --shell /bin/bash --name china --home /vol/ss3
echo 1 | ftpasswd --passwd --stdin --file /etc/sftpd.passwd --gid 2005 --uid 2005 --shell /bin/bash --name china --home /vol/ss3
可以看到密钥是不一样的
比较奇怪的现象:
如果我们SFTP和FTP的用户使用的校验文件是同一个(例如都是/etc/ftpd.passwd),那么如果启用了SFTP,通过设定的账号密码是可以正常访问的,但是访问FTP时就会提示密码错误,个人猜想,这里可能是SFTP校验时会通过ssh将密钥编码,那FTP再次使用这个账号密码登录时自然就是不对的(只是个人看法~)
日志报错如下: