UVA Longest Run on a Snowboard(10285)

题目大意:

       给你一个矩阵,当做滑雪场,矩阵的每个单元中的数代表高度,滑雪者只能从高的滑到低的地方,且方向只能是上,下,左和右,问滑雪者最长能滑几个单元?

 

解题思路:

       该题本质上就是求矩阵上的最长严格连续递减(或递增)序列,即序列中的元素不能相等,而且前后之间必须相邻。该题属于动态规划问题,要用到递归。

       已找递减序列为例,设dp[i][j]表示第i,j点所构成的序列有多长,求这个值,只需要对其上,下,左和右四个方向进行比较就可以,设board表示题目给的矩阵,dfs( i , j )表示求第i,j个点构成的序列长度,则可以得到

若board[i][j] > board[i-1][j], 则dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j] + 1, 而dp[i-1][j]可以用递归求出,则状态转移方程为:

                                          dp[i][j] = dfs( i-1 , j ) + 1;

但是还不够,要对board[i][j]四个方向都计算一遍,取最大的,所以使用

int dx[4] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };

int dy[4] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 };

然后进行一次循环,取出最大的值赋给dp[i][j],所以最终的状态转移方程为:

temp = max( temp, dfs( i + dx[k], j + dy[k] ) + 1 );

代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int dp[105][105], board[105][105];

int dfs( int i, int j );
int main()
{
	freopen( "test.txt", "r", stdin );

	int T, m, n;
	char name[50];
	cin>>T;

	while( T-- )
	{
		memset( dp, -1, sizeof( dp ) );
		memset( board, 1, sizeof( board ) );

		cin>>name>>m>>n;
		for( int i = 1; i <= m; i++ )
		{
			for( int j = 1; j <= n; j++ )
			{
				cin>>board[i][j];
			}
		}

		int ans = 0;

		for( int i = 1; i <= m; i++ )
		{
			for( int j = 1; j <= n; j++ )
			{
				ans = max( ans, dfs( i, j ) );
			}
		}
		
		cout<<name<<": "<<ans<<endl;
		

	}

	return 0;
}

int dx[4] = { -1, 0, 1, 0 };
int dy[4] = { 0, -1, 0, 1 };
int dfs( int i, int j )
{
	if( dp[i][j] >= 0 )
		return dp[i][j];
	
	int temp = 1;
	for( int k = 0; k < 4; k++ )
	{
		if( board[i + dx[k]][j + dy[k]] < board[i][j] )
			temp = max( temp, dfs( i + dx[k], j + dy[k] ) + 1 );
	}

	return (dp[i][j] = temp);
}

 

As an AI language model, I cannot provide you with the exact solution you need without further details. However, here is a general approach to find the longest distance in a binary tree using Python: 1. Define a class for a binary tree node with attributes for the node value, left child, and right child. 2. Define a function that recursively traverses the binary tree and returns the height of the tree starting from a given node. 3. Define a function that recursively traverses the binary tree and returns the longest distance between two nodes in the tree. 4. In the function defined in step 3, for each node, calculate the longest distance that passes through that node and update the maximum distance seen so far. 5. Call the function defined in step 3 starting from the root node of the binary tree. Here is a sample implementation of the above approach: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, value): self.value = value self.left = None self.right = None def height(root): if root is None: return 0 return 1 + max(height(root.left), height(root.right)) def longest_distance(root): if root is None: return 0 left_height = height(root.left) right_height = height(root.right) left_distance = longest_distance(root.left) right_distance = longest_distance(root.right) return max(left_height + right_height, max(left_distance, right_distance)) root = Node(1) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(3) root.left.left = Node(4) root.left.right = Node(5) root.right.left = Node(6) root.right.right = Node(7) print(longest_distance(root)) ``` This code will output the longest distance between any two nodes in the binary tree.
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