文件的上传与下载之方式1：Servlet

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 09:01:59 发布

指尖岁月

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-02 09:01:59 发布

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分类专栏：笔记整理文章标签： servlet

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zdl_250143171/article/details/76933988

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**方式一：**servlet方式

首先是jar包的导入
这里写图片描述

前端页面：
<body>
<!--注意：上传方式应该是post请求且enctype的值是以二进制流的方式上传-->
    <form method="post" action="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        文件上传者： <input type="text" name="username"><br /> 
        文件上传：
        <div id="div1">
            <div>
                <input type="file" name="files" />
            </div>
        </div>
        <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addfile()"> <input
            type="submit" value="提交" />
    </form>
    <!--主要是上面部分代码就行-->
    <!--js代码是应对多个文件上传-->
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function addfile() {
            var files = document.getElementById("div1");
            var divEle = document.createElement("div");
            var inputEle = document.createElement("input");
            inputEle.type = "file";
            inputEle.name = "files";
            var aEle = document.createElement("a");
            aEle.innerHTML = "删除";
            aEle.href = "javascript:void()";
            aEle.setAttribute("onclick", "del(this)");
            divEle.appendChild(inputEle);
            divEle.appendChild(aEle);
            files.appendChild(divEle);
        }
        function del(obj) {
            obj.parentNode.parentNode.removeChild(obj.parentNode);
        }
    </script>
</body>

接下来是上传的java代码

package com.zdl;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

@WebServlet("/upload")
public class FileUpload extends HttpServlet {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        String savepath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/upload");
        List<String> fileType = Arrays.asList("doc", "docx", "txt", "jpg", "png", "zip");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024);// 设置缓存大小，超过级缓存
        factory.setRepository(new File(this.getServletContext().getRealPath("WEB-INF/temp")));// 设置的缓存目录
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 50);// 控制单个文件大小
        upload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 200);// 控制多有文件大小
        // 设置上传进度
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {

            @Override
            public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                System.out.println("文件已读取：" + pBytesRead + "--文件大小：" + pContentLength + "--第几项：" + pItems);

            }
        });
        if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
            try {
                List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
                for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
                    if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
                        String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                        String value = fileItem.getString("utf-8");
                        System.out.println(name + "---" + value);
                    } else {
                        InputStream in = fileItem.getInputStream();
                        String filename = fileItem.getName();// 可能是全路径名称浏览器兼容性（IE）
                        // filename =
                        // filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
                        System.out.println(filename);
                        String realFileName = makeFileName(filename);
                        if (filename == null || filename.trim().equals("")) {
                            continue;
                        }
                        /*
                         * boolean bool = filename.endsWith(".docx"); if (!bool)
                         * { out.print(filename+ ":文件类型有误,请检查文件后缀名"); continue;
                         * }
                         */
                        String ext = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                        if (!fileType.contains(ext)) {
                            out.print(filename + ":文件类型有误,请检查文件后缀名<br/>");
                            continue;
                        }

                        String realPath = makeDirectory(savepath, realFileName);
                        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "\\" + realFileName);
                        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
                        int len = 0;
                        while ((len = in.read(b)) != -1) {
                            fos.write(b, 0, len);
                        }
                        fos.close();
                        in.close();
                        fileItem.delete();//删除缓存文件
                        out.print(filename+":上传完成<br>");
                    }
                }

            } catch (FileUploadException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }
//可用来处理文件同名覆盖的问题
    public String makeFileName(String filename) {

        return UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "-" + filename;
    }
//为上传的文件分配文件夹
    public String makeDirectory(String savepath, String filename) {

        int hash = filename.hashCode();
        int dir1 = hash & 0xf;// 获得数字0-15
        int dir2 = (hash & 0xf) >> 4;// 右移四位

        String realPath = savepath + "\\" + dir1 + "\\" + dir2;
        File dir = new File(realPath);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
            dir.mkdirs();
        }
        return realPath;
    }
}

然后就是下载的前端页面


<%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"  prefix="c"%>

<body>
        <h3>文件列表</h3>
        <c:if test="${map != null }">
            <c:forEach items="${map }" var="m">
                <c:url value="downfileservlet"  var="downfile">
                    <c:param name="filename" value="${m.value }"></c:param>
                </c:url>    
                <a href="${downfile }">${m.key }</a><br/>
            </c:forEach>
        </c:if>

  </body>

下载的java代码

package com.zdl;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/downfileservlet")
public class DownFile extends HttpServlet{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        //获取要下载的文件的名字
        //1获取到upload的目录
        String savepath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        //2获取要下载的文件（带有UUID生成的文件名）
        String realfilename =req.getParameter("filename");
        System.out.println("获取到的名字"+realfilename);
        //3去掉uuid生成的前缀
        String filename = realfilename.substring(realfilename.indexOf("_")+1);
        System.out.println("去掉uuid生成的前缀"+filename);
        //4真正的保存路径
        String realpath = makeDirectory(savepath,filename);
        System.out.println("真正的保存路径"+realpath);
        //5下载文件的路径
        System.out.println(realpath+"\\"+realfilename);
        //发送给浏览器响应头（告诉浏览器你的是一个文件）
        resp.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+URLEncoder.encode(filename,"utf-8"));
        //6读取文件并发送给浏览器
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realpath+"\\"+realfilename);
        System.out.println(fis);
        //7.获取字节输出流
        OutputStream os = resp.getOutputStream();
        byte[] b = new byte[1024];
        int len =0;
        while((len=fis.read(b))!=-1){
            os.write(b,0,len);
        }
        os.close();
        fis.close();

    }

//找到之前文件所保存的文件夹下的目录
    private String makeDirectory(String savepath, String filename) {

        System.out.println("传来的名字："+filename);
        int  hash = filename.hashCode();
        System.out.println("下载的："+hash);
        int dir1 = hash&0xf;
        int dir2 = (hash&0xf0)>>4;

        String realpath = savepath+"\\"+dir1+"\\"+dir2;
        File dir = new File(realpath);
        if(!dir.exists()){
            //dir.mkdirs();
            System.out.println("该文件的目录不存在");
        }
        return realpath;
    }
}

这是一个所有文件的展示的java代码

package com.zdl;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/listfileservlet")
public class ListFile extends HttpServlet{

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req, resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");

        String upload = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File dir = new File(upload);
        //保存所有遍历到的文件，并存入到改集合中
        HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();

        if (dir != null) {
            listUpload(dir, map);
            req.setAttribute("map", map);
        }
        req.getRequestDispatcher("listfile.jsp").forward(req, resp);
    }

    //这是一个递归遍历文件夹
    public void listUpload(File dir,HashMap<String , String> map){

        File[] files = dir.listFiles();
        if (files !=null&&files.length>0) {
            for (File file : files) {
                if (file.isDirectory()) {
                    listUpload(file, map);//调用自己
                }else {
                    String filename = file.getName();
                    filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("_")+1);
                    map.put(filename, file.getName());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}