大整数类c++实现

在日常使用c++的过程中，经常会遇到数字太大越界的情况，对于这样的大整数运算，我们可以用模拟比算的方法来实现，但是这样每次运算都要实现这样的算法会带来一定的不方便，我们希望能像int这样的内置类型一样使用大整数，所以我们实现一个大整数struct

感谢刘汝佳老师的算法竞赛入门经典一书

struct BigInteger {
	static const int BASE = 100000000;
	static const int WIDTH = 8;
	vector<int> s;

	BigInteger(long long num = 0) { *this = num; } // 构造函数
	BigInteger operator = (long long num) { // 赋值运算符
		s.clear();
		do {
			s.push_back(num % BASE);
			num /= BASE;
		} while (num > 0);
		return *this;
	}
	BigInteger operator = (const string& str) { // 赋值运算符
		s.clear();
		int x, len = (str.length() - 1) / WIDTH + 1;
		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			int end = str.length() - i*WIDTH;
			int start = max(0, end - WIDTH);
			sscanf(str.substr(start, end - start).c_str(), "%d", &x);
			s.push_back(x);
		}
		return *this;
	}
	BigInteger operator + (const BigInteger& b) const {
		BigInteger c;
		c.s.clear();
		for (int i = 0, g = 0; ; i++) {
			if (g == 0 && i >= s.size() && i >= b.s.size()) break;
			int x = g;
			if (i < s.size()) x += s[i];
			if (i < b.s.size()) x += b.s[i];
			c.s.push_back(x % BASE);
			g = x / BASE;
		}
		return c;
	}
};

ostream& operator << (ostream &out, const BigInteger& x) {
	out << x.s.back();
	for (int i = x.s.size() - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
		char buf[20];
		sprintf(buf, "%08d", x.s[i]);
		for (int j = 0; j < strlen(buf); j++) out << buf[j];
	}
	return out;
}

istream& operator >> (istream &in, BigInteger& x) {
	string s;
	if (!(in >> s)) return in;
	x = s;
	return in;
}