【iOS】KVO传值和Block传值

KVO传值

什么是KVO？

KVO全称Key Value Observing，是苹果提供的一套事件通知机制。允许对象监听另一个对象特定属性的改变，并在改变时接收到事件。由于KVO的实现机制，只针对属性才会发生作用，一般继承自NSObject的对象都默认支持KVO。

KVO可以监听单个属性的变化，也可以监听集合对象的变化。通过KVC的mutableArrayValueForKey:等方法获得代理对象，当代理对象的内部对象发生改变时，会回调KVO监听的方法。集合对象包含NSArray和NSSet。

实现KVO传值：

1. 注册观察者
2. 在观察者中实现实现observeValueForKeyPath:ofObject:change:context:方法

示例：

• 创建一个继承于NSObject类的TextObj

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>



@interface TextObj : NSObject

@property (assign, nonatomic) int numInTextField;

@end

• 在viewController中：

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "TextObj.h"
@interface ViewController ()

@property (strong, nonatomic) UITextField* contentField;
@property (strong, nonatomic) TextObj* textObj;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    
    
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor systemGray6Color];
    
    UIButton* button = [UIButton buttonWithType: UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    
    [button setTitle:@"changeText" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    
    button.frame = CGRectMake(200, 300, 80, 40);
    
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(pressButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    
    [self.view addSubview:button];
    
    
    
    
    
    _contentField = [[UITextField alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(80, 200, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width - 160, 40)];
    
    [self.view addSubview:_contentField];
    
    _contentField.text = @"这里是原文字";
    
    
    
    
    _textObj = [[TextObj alloc]init];
    
    [_textObj addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"numInTextField" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew | NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld context:nil];
    
    _textObj.numInTextField = 0;
    
    
    
}

- (void) pressButton {
    
    
    //监视对象在这被改变，会引起KVO调用一个方法
    _textObj.numInTextField++;
    
    
    
}

- (void) observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSKeyValueChangeKey,id> *)change context:(void *)context {
    NSString* str = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"被改变的第%d次",_textObj.numInTextField ];
    _contentField.text = str;
    
}

- (void) dealloc {
    
    [_textObj removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"numInTextField"];
}


@end

点击button，实现语句的改变

Block传值

block是什么

block的定义：带有自动变量（局部变量）的匿名函数

可以通过一篇博客初步理解一下
关于block

实现block传值：

1. 声明block（ViewControllerSecond.h）
2. 调用block（ViewControllerSecond.m）
3. 实现block（ViewController.m）

1:

typedef void(^returnValue)(NSString* str);

@interface ViewControllerSecond : UIViewController

@property (strong, nonatomic) returnValue blockValue;

@end

2:

_blockValue(_textField.text);

3:

secondController.blockValue = ^(NSString* str) {
        self.label.text = str;
    };

实例：

ViewControllerSecond.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>


typedef void(^returnValue)(NSString* str);


@interface ViewControllerSecond : UIViewController

@property (strong, nonatomic) returnValue blockValue;

@property (strong, nonatomic) UITextField* textField;


@end

ViewControllerSecond.m

//  ViewControllerSecond.m

#import "ViewControllerSecond.h"



@interface ViewControllerSecond ()


@end

@implementation ViewControllerSecond

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    
    self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor systemGray5Color];
    
    _textField = [[UITextField alloc]init];
    
    _textField.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor purpleColor] CGColor];
    _textField.layer.borderWidth = 1.0;
    
    _textField.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 40);
    
    [self.view addSubview:_textField];
    
    
    UIButton* backButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    [backButton addTarget:self action:@selector(returnFirstView) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [backButton setTitle:@"返回" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    backButton.frame = CGRectMake(200, 200, 60, 40);
    [self.view addSubview:backButton];
    
    
    
    
    
}

- (void) returnFirstView {

    _blockValue(_textField.text);
    
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:NO completion:nil];
    
}



@end

ViewController.h

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController

@property (strong, nonatomic) UILabel* label;

@end

ViewController.m

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "ViewControllerSecond.h"


@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view.
    
    
    
    UIButton* button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
    
    button.frame = CGRectMake(200, 300, 60, 40);
    
    [self.view addSubview:button];
    
    [button setTitle:@"inside" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(pressButton) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    
    
    
    _label = [[UILabel alloc]init];
    
    _label.text = @"现在label内容未被修改";
    
    _label.frame = CGRectMake(100, 100, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width - 200, 50);
    
    [self.view addSubview:_label];
    
    
    
}

- (void) pressButton {
    ViewControllerSecond* secondController = [[ViewControllerSecond alloc]init];
    
    secondController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationFullScreen;
    
    secondController.blockValue = ^(NSString* str) {
        self.label.text = str;
    };
    [self presentViewController:secondController animated:YES completion:nil];
}


@end

ViewController的界面：

点击button，进入ViewControllerSecond界面：

在TextField里面输入了“888”，点击按钮返回

传值有效。