性能工具之ab压力测试工具及ab命令详解

背景

ab小型压力工具，对于在Linux中简单调试还是比较方便，轻巧灵活.

安装

1. yum -y install httpd-tools

查看版本

1. [root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab -V

2. This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>

3. Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/

4. Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

6. 帮助

7. [root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab help

8. ab: invalid URL

9. Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path

10. Options are:

11. -n requests Number of requests to perform

12. -c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make at a time

13. -t timelimit Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking

14. This implies -n 50000

15. -s timeout Seconds to max. wait for each response

16. Default is 30 seconds

17. -b windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes

18. -B address Address to bind to when making outgoing connections

19. -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T

20. -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T

21. -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.

22. 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'

23. Default is 'text/plain'

24. -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print

25. -w Print out results in HTML tables

26. -i Use HEAD instead of GET

27. -x attributes String to insert as table attributes

28. -y attributes String to insert as tr attributes

29. -z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes

30. -C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)

31. -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'

32. Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)

33. -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes

34. are a colon separated username and password.

35. -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes

36. are a colon separated username and password.

37. -X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use

38. -V Print version number and exit

39. -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature

40. -d Do not show percentiles served table.

41. -S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.

42. -q Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests

43. -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.

44. -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served

45. -r Don't exit on socket receive errors.

46. -h Display usage information (this message)

47. -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)

48. -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol

49. (SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)

50. [root@7dgroup2 ~]#

• -n在测试会话中所执行的请求个数。默认时，仅执行一个请求。

• -c一次产生的请求个数。默认是一次一个。

• -t测试所进行的最大秒数。其内部隐含值是-n 50000，它可以使对服务器的测试限制在一个固定的总时间以内。默认时，没有时间限制。

快速上手

1. [root@7dgroup2 ~]# ab -n10 -c 10 http://172.17.211.142:8089/

2. This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>

3. Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/

4. Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

6. Benchmarking 172.17.211.142 (be patient).....done

9. Server Software: #服务器软件

10. Server Hostname: 172.17.211.142 #域名

11. Server Port: 8089 #请求端口号

13. Document Path: / #文件路径

14. Document Length: 76443 bytes #页面字节数

16. Concurrency Level: 10 #请求的并发数

17. Time taken for tests: 0.064 seconds #总访问时间

18. Complete requests: 10 #请求成功数量

19. Failed requests: 0 #请求失败数量

20. Write errors: 0

21. Total transferred: 766030 bytes #请求总数据大小（包括header头信息）

22. HTML transferred: 764430 bytes #html页面实际总字节数

23. Requests per second: 157.09 [#/sec] (mean) #每秒多少请求,服务器的吞吐量

24. Time per request: 63.656 [ms] (mean) #用户平均请求等待时间

25. Time per request: 6.366 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) # 服务器平均处理时间，也就是服务器吞吐量的倒数

26. Transfer rate: 11751.86 [Kbytes/sec] received #每秒获取的数据长度

28. Connection Times (ms)

29. min mean[+/-sd] median max

30. Connect: 0 0 0.0 0 0 #网络链接

31. Processing: 8 36 17.1 41 60 #系统处理

32. Waiting: 3 24 18.7 18 55 #等待

33. Total: 9 37 17.1 42 60

34. #Total并不等于前三行数据相加，因为前三行的数据并不是在同一个请求中采集到的，

35. #可能某个请求的网络延迟最短，但是系统处理时间又是最长的呢。

36. #所以Total是从整个请求所需要的时间的角度来统计的。

37. Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)

38. 50% 42

39. 66% 45

40. 75% 51

41. 80% 52

42. 90% 60

43. 95% 60

44. 98% 60

45. 99% 60

46. 100% 60 (longest request)