synchronized notifyAll wait的使用

notifyAll(), notify()经常和wait()配合,进行多线程编程.

.wait:是一个线程睡眠,直到在相同的对象上调用notify或notifyAll
.notify:启动第一个在相同对象调用wait的线程
.notifyAll:启动在相同的对象调用wait的所有线程

如下代码:

其本意是调用十次线程.

代码:

public class Mymain {

 

    /**

     * @param args

     */

    public static void main(String[] args) {

       // TODO Auto-generated method stub

       new Mymain().test();

    }

   

    public void test(){

       Manager manager = new Manager(4);

       for(int i=0; i<10; i++){

           System.out.println(i+":");

           manager.PrintSync();

       }

    }

   

    public class Manager {     

       int num;

       public Manager(int num){

           this.num = num;

           player = new Player[num];

           for(int i=0; i<num; i++){

              player[i] = new Player();

              player[i].setid(i);

              player[i].setManager(this);

           }

       }

      

       Player player[];

      

      

       public void PrintSync(){

          

          

          

           for(int i=0; i<num; i++){

              if (player[i].free){

                  System.out.println("use thread "+i);

                  player[i].free = false;

                  new Thread(player[i]).start();

                  return;

              }

           }

          

           System.out.println("all busy!");

          

       }

    }

   

    public class Player implements Runnable{

       Manager manager;

       public void setManager(Manager manager){

           this.manager = manager;

       }

      

       int id;

      

       public void setid(int id){

           this.id = id;

       }

      

       public boolean free = true;

 

       public void run() {

           // TODO Auto-generated method stub

           System.out.println("Thread "+ id + " is end!");

           free = true;

       }

    }

 

}

 

结果:

0:

use thread 0

1:

use thread 1

2:

use thread 2

3:

use thread 3

4:

all busy!

5:

all busy!

6:

all busy!

7:

all busy!

8:

all busy!

9:

all busy!

Thread 0 is end!

Thread 1 is end!

Thread 2 is end!

Thread 3 is end!

 

观察结果,由于只创建了四个线程,从而线程只调用了四次.

 

改进方法:

加入wait()方法,当查看到线程都在使用的时候,进行阻塞.

代码:

public class Manager {     

       …

      

       public void PrintSync(){

          

           CheckFree();

          

           for(int i=0; i<num; i++){

              if (player[i].free){

                  System.out.println("use thread "+i);

                  player[i].free = false;

                  new Thread(player[i]).start();

                  return;

              }

           }

          

       }

      

       public void CheckFree(){

           for(int i=0; i<num; i++){

              if (player[i].free){

                  return;

              }

           }

           synchronized(this){

              try {

                  System.out.println("wait()!");

                  wait();

              } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                  e.printStackTrace();

              }

           }

       }

    }

运行结果:

0:

use thread 0

1:

use thread 1

2:

use thread 2

3:

use thread 3

4:

wait()!

Thread 0 is end!

Thread 1 is end!

Thread 2 is end!

Thread 3 is end!

 

观察结果,进行了阻塞,但是由于没有唤醒,所以一直阻塞,因此加入notifyAll()方法.

 

代码:

public class Manager {     

       …

      

       public void Noti(){

           synchronized(this){

              notifyAll();

           }

       }

    }

public class Player implements Runnable{

       …

 

       public void run() {

           // TODO Auto-generated method stub

           System.out.println("Thread "+ id + " is end!");

           free = true;

           manager.Noti();

       }

    }

运行结果:

0:

use thread 0

1:

use thread 1

2:

use thread 2

3:

use thread 3

4:

wait()!

Thread 0 is end!

use thread 0

5:

wait()!

Thread 1 is end!

use thread 1

6:

wait()!

Thread 2 is end!

use thread 2

7:

wait()!

Thread 3 is end!

use thread 3

8:

wait()!

Thread 0 is end!

use thread 0

9:

wait()!

Thread 1 is end!

use thread 1

Thread 2 is end!

Thread 3 is end!

Thread 0 is end!

Thread 1 is end!

 

由此可见:

.wait:是一个线程睡眠,直到在相同的对象上调用notify或notifyAll
.notify:启动第一个在相同对象调用wait的线程
.notifyAll:启动在相同的对象调用wait的所有线程