蓝桥杯 算法提高 P0102

用户输入三个字符，每个字符取值范围是0-9，A-F。然后程序会把这三个字符转化为相应的十六进制整数，并分别以十六进制，十进制，八进制输出，十六进制表示成3位，八进制表示成4位，若不够前面补0。（不考虑输入不合法的情况）
输入
　　1D5
输出
（注意冒号后面有一个空格）
　　Hex: 0x1D5
　　Decimal: 469
　　Octal: 0725

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <map>
using namespace std;


int main() {
    string s;
    cin >> s;
    int len = s.length();
    map<char, int> a;
    a['0'] = 0;
    a['1'] = 1;
    a['2'] = 2;
    a['3'] = 3;
    a['4'] = 4;
    a['5'] = 5;
    a['6'] = 6;
    a['7'] = 7;
    a['8'] = 8;
    a['9'] = 9;
    a['A'] = 10;
    a['B'] = 11;
    a['C'] = 12;
    a['D'] = 13;
    a['E'] = 14;
    a['F'] = 15;
    int num = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i <len; i++) {
        num = num * 16 + a[s[i]];
    }
    cout << "Hex: 0x" << s<<endl;
    cout << "Decimal: "<<num<<endl;
    int oc[30];
    int cnt = 0;
    while (num != 0) {
        oc[cnt++] = num % 8;
        num = num / 8;
    }
    cout << "Octal: ";
    for (int i =4; i > cnt; i--) {
        cout << "0";
    }
    for (int i = cnt-1; i >= 0; i--) {
        cout << oc[i];
    }
    cout << endl;
    cin >> s;
    return 0;
}