通过连接池获取数据库连接

/**
 *  Title  hrms
 *  @author: dzc
 *  Company: hust
 *  @version 1.0
 *  Date  :   2006-04
 *  DBConnectionManager.java
 **/

package hrms.database;

import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Date;

public class DBConnectionManager {
 static private DBConnectionManager instance; // 唯一实例

 static private int clients;

 private Vector drivers = new Vector();

 private Hashtable pools = new Hashtable();

 /**
  * 将文本信息在后台打印出来
  */
 private void log(String msg) {
   System.out.println(new Date() + ": " + msg);
 }

 /**
  * 返回唯一实例.如果是第一次调用此方法,则创建实例
  *
  * @return DBConnectionManager 唯一实例
  */
 static synchronized public DBConnectionManager getInstance() {
  if (instance == null) {
   instance = new DBConnectionManager();
  }
  clients++;
  return instance;
 }

 /**
  * 建构函数私有以防止其它对象创建本类实例
  */
 private DBConnectionManager() {
  init();
 }

 /**
  * 将连接对象返回给由名字指定的连接池
  *
  * @param name
  *            在属性文件中定义的连接池名字
  * @param con
  *            连接对象
  */
 public void freeConnection(String name, Connection con) {
  DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
  if (pool != null) {
   pool.freeConnection(con);
  }
 }

 /**
  * 获得一个可用的(空闲的)连接.如果没有可用连接,且已有连接数小于最大连接数 限制,则创建并返回新连接
  *
  * @param name
  *            在属性文件中定义的连接池名字
  * @return Connection 可用连接或null
  */
 public Connection getConnection(String name) {
  DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
  if (pool != null) {
   return pool.getConnection();
  }
  return null;
 }

 /**
  * 获得一个可用连接.若没有可用连接,且已有连接数小于最大连接数限制, 则创建并返回新连接.否则,在指定的时间内等待其它线程释放连接.
  *
  * @param name
  *            连接池名字
  * @param time
  *            以毫秒计的等待时间
  * @return Connection 可用连接或null
  */
 public Connection getConnection(String name, long time) {
  DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) pools.get(name);
  if (pool != null) {
   return pool.getConnection(time);
  }
  return null;
 }

 /**
  * 关闭所有连接,撤销驱动程序的注册
  */
 public synchronized void release() {
  // 等待直到最后一个客户程序调用
  if (--clients != 0) {
   return;
  }

  Enumeration allPools = pools.elements();
  while (allPools.hasMoreElements()) {
   DBConnectionPool pool = (DBConnectionPool) allPools.nextElement();
   pool.release();
  }
  Enumeration allDrivers = drivers.elements();
  while (allDrivers.hasMoreElements()) {
   Driver driver = (Driver) allDrivers.nextElement();
   try {
    DriverManager.deregisterDriver(driver);
    log("撤销JDBC驱动程序 " + driver.getClass().getName() + "的注册");
   } catch (SQLException e) {
    log("无法撤销下列JDBC驱动程序的注册: " + driver.getClass().getName());
   }
  }
 }

 /**
  * 根据指定属性创建连接池实例.
  *
  * @param props
  *            连接池属性
  */
 private void createPools(Properties props) {
  Enumeration propNames = props.propertyNames();
  while (propNames.hasMoreElements()) {
   String name = (String) propNames.nextElement();
   if (name.endsWith(".url"))
   {
    String poolName = "sqlserver";
    String url = props.getProperty(poolName + ".url");
    if (url == null)
    {
     log("没有为连接池" + poolName + "指定URL");
     continue;
    }
    String user = props.getProperty(poolName + ".user");
    String password = props.getProperty(poolName + ".password");
    
    String maxconn = props.getProperty(poolName + ".maxconn", "0");
    int max;
    try {
     max = Integer.valueOf(maxconn).intValue();
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
     log("错误的最大连接数限制: " + maxconn + " .连接池: " + poolName);
     max = 0;
    }
    DBConnectionPool pool = new DBConnectionPool(poolName, url,
      user, password, max);
    pools.put(poolName, pool);
    log("成功创建连接池" + poolName);
   }
  }
 }

 /**
  * 读取属性完成初始化
  */
 private void init() {
  InputStream is = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/hrms.txt");
  Properties dbProps = new Properties();
  try {
   dbProps.load(is);
  } catch (Exception e) {
   log("不能读取属性文件.请确保db.properties在CLASSPATH指定的路径中");
   return;
  }
  loadDrivers(dbProps);
  createPools(dbProps);
 }

 /**
  * 装载和注册所有JDBC驱动程序
  *
  * @param props
  *            属性
  */
 private void loadDrivers(Properties props) {
  String driverClasses = props.getProperty("driver");
  StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(driverClasses);
  while (st.hasMoreElements()) {
   String driverClassName = st.nextToken().trim();

   try {
    Driver driver = (Driver) Class.forName(driverClassName)
      .newInstance();
    DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
    drivers.addElement(driver);
    log("成功注册JDBC驱动程序" + driverClassName);
   } catch (Exception e) {
    log("无法注册JDBC驱动程序: " + driverClassName + ", 错误: " + e);
   }
  }
 }

 
 /**
  * 此内部类定义了一个连接池.它能够根据要求创建新连接,直到预定的最大连接数为止.在返回连接给客户程序之前,它能够验证连接的有效性.
  */
 class DBConnectionPool {
  private int userCount;

  private Vector freeConnections = new Vector();

  private int maxConn;

  private String name;

  private String password;

  private String URL;

  private String user;

//  private String databaseUrl;

  /**
   * 创建新的连接池
   *
   * @param name
   *            连接池名字
   * @param URL
   *            数据库的JDBC URL
   * @param user
   *            数据库帐号,或 null
   * @param password
   *            密码,或 null
   * @param maxConn
   *            此连接池允许建立的最大连接数
   */
  public DBConnectionPool(String name, String URL, String user,
    String password, int maxConn) {
   this.name = name;
   this.URL = URL;
   this.user = user;
   this.password = password;
   this.maxConn = maxConn;
  }

  /**
   * 将不再使用的连接返回给连接池
   *
   * @param con
   *            客户程序释放的连接
   */
  public synchronized void freeConnection(Connection con) {
   // 将指定连接加入到向量末尾
   freeConnections.addElement(con);
   userCount--;
   notifyAll();
  }

  /**
   * 从连接池获得一个可用连接.如没有空闲的连接且当前连接数小于最大连接 数限制,则创建新连接.如原来登记为可用的连接不再有效,则从向量删除之,
   * 然后递归调用自己以尝试新的可用连接.
   */
  public synchronized Connection getConnection() {
   Connection con = null;
   if (freeConnections.size() > 0) {
    // 获取向量中第一个可用连接
    con = (Connection) freeConnections.firstElement();
    freeConnections.removeElementAt(0);
    try {
     if (con.isClosed()) {
      log("从连接池" + name + "删除一个无效连接");
      // 递归调用自己,尝试再次获取可用连接
      con = getConnection();
     }
    } catch (SQLException e) {
     log("从连接池" + name + "删除一个无效连接");
     // 递归调用自己,尝试再次获取可用连接
     con = getConnection();
    }
   } else if (maxConn == 0 || userCount < maxConn) {
    con = newConnection();
   }
   if (con != null) {
    userCount++;
   }
   return con;
  }

  /**
   * 从连接池获取可用连接.可以指定客户程序能够等待的最长时间 参见前一个getConnection()方法.
   *
   * @param timeout
   *            以毫秒计的等待时间限制
   */
  public synchronized Connection getConnection(long timeout) {
   long startTime = new Date().getTime();
   Connection con;
   while ((con = getConnection()) == null) {
    try {
     wait(timeout);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    }
    if ((new Date().getTime() - startTime) >= timeout) {
     // wait()返回的原因是超时
     return null;
    }
   }
   return con;
  }

  /**
   * 关闭所有连接
   */
  public synchronized void release() {
   Enumeration allConnections = freeConnections.elements();
   while (allConnections.hasMoreElements()) {
    Connection con = (Connection) allConnections.nextElement();
    try {
     con.close();
     log("关闭连接池" + name + "中的一个连接");
    } catch (SQLException e) {
     log("无法关闭连接池" + name + "中的连接");
    }
   }
   freeConnections.removeAllElements();
  }

  /**
   * 创建新的连接
   */
  private Connection newConnection() {
   Connection con = null;
   try {
    if (user == null) {
     con = DriverManager.getConnection(URL);
    } else {
     con = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, user, password);
    }
    log("连接池" + name + "创建一个新的连接");
   } catch (SQLException e) {
    log("无法创建下列URL的连接: " + URL);
    return null;
   }
   return con;
  }

 }
}

 

 

 

/**
 *  Title  hrms
 *  @author: dzc
 *  Company: hust
 *  @version 1.0
 *  Date  :   2006-04
 *  Filename:DBConnect.java
 **/

package hrms.database;

import java.sql.*;
import hrms.database.DBConnectionManager;

public class DBConnect {
 private Connection conn = null;

 private Statement stmt = null;

 private PreparedStatement prepstmt = null;

 private DBConnectionManager dcm = null;

 void init() {
  dcm = DBConnectionManager.getInstance();
  conn = dcm.getConnection("sqlserver");
 }

 /**
  * 构造数据库的连接和访问类
  */
 public DBConnect() throws Exception {
  init();
  stmt = conn.createStatement();
 }

 public DBConnect(int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
   throws Exception {
  init();
  stmt = conn.createStatement(resultSetType, resultSetConcurrency);
 }

 /**
  * 构造数据库的连接和访问类 预编译SQL语句
  *
  * @param sql
  *            SQL语句
  */
 public DBConnect(String sql) throws Exception {
  init();
  this.prepareStatement(sql);
 }

 public DBConnect(String sql, int resultSetType, int resultSetConcurrency)
   throws Exception {
  init();
  this.prepareStatement(sql, resultSetType, resultSetConcurrency);
 }

 /**
  * 返回连接
  *
  * @return Connection 连接
  */
 public Connection getConnection() {
  return conn;
 }

 /**
  * PreparedStatement
  *
  * @param  sql 预设SQL语句
  */
 public void prepareStatement(String sql) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
 }

 public void prepareStatement(String sql, int resultSetType,
   int resultSetConcurrency) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql, resultSetType,
    resultSetConcurrency);
 }

 /**
  * 设置对应值
  *
  * @param index
  *            参数索引
  * @param value
  *            对应值
  */
 public void setString(int index, String value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setString(index, value);
 }

 public void setInt(int index, int value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setInt(index, value);
 }

 public void setBoolean(int index, boolean value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setBoolean(index, value);
 }

 public void setDate(int index, Date value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setDate(index, value);
 }

 public void setTimestamp(int index, Timestamp value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setTimestamp(index, value);
 }

 public void setLong(int index, long value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setLong(index, value);
 }

 public void setFloat(int index, float value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setFloat(index, value);
 }

 public void setBytes(int index, byte[] value) throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.setBytes(index, value);
 }

 public void clearParameters() throws SQLException {
  prepstmt.clearParameters();
  prepstmt = null;
 }

 /**
  * 返回预设状态
  */
 public PreparedStatement getPreparedStatement() {
  return prepstmt;
 }

 /**
  * 返回状态
  *
  * @return Statement 状态
  */
 public Statement getStatement() {
  return stmt;
 }

 /**
  * 执行SQL语句返回字段集
  *
  * @param sql
  *            SQL语句
  * @return ResultSet 字段集
  */
 public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws SQLException {
  if (stmt != null) {
   return stmt.executeQuery(sql);
  } else
   return null;
 }

 public ResultSet executeQuery() throws SQLException {
  if (prepstmt != null) {
   return prepstmt.executeQuery();
  } else
   return null;
 }

 /**
  * 执行SQL语句
  *
  * @param sql
  *            SQL语句
  */
 public void executeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException {
  if (stmt != null)
   stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
 }

 public void executeUpdate() throws SQLException {
  if (prepstmt != null)
   prepstmt.executeUpdate();
 }

 /**
  * 关闭连接
  */
 public void close() throws Exception {
  if (stmt != null) {
   stmt.close();
   stmt = null;
  }
  if (prepstmt != null) {
   prepstmt.close();
   prepstmt = null;
  }
  if (conn != null) {

   dcm.freeConnection("sqlserver", conn);

  }

 }
}