package com.wxpn.tutorial.db;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.SQLWarning;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* 描述: 数据库连接池类
*
*
* @version 1.0
*/
public class ConnectionPool implements Runnable {
private boolean _debug = false;
private Thread runner;
private Connection[] connPool;
private int[] connStatus; // (0) available; (1) locked by the client; (2)
// locked by the housekeeping thread
private long[] connLockTime;
private long[] connCreateTime;
private String[] connID;
private String dbdriver, dbserver, dbuser, dbpassword;
private int currConnections, connLast, minconns, maxconns, maxconnMSec;
// available: set to false on destroy, checked by getConnection()
private boolean available = true;
private SQLWarning currSQLWarning;
/**
* Creates a new Connection Broker<br>
*
* @param dbdriver
* JDBC driver. e.g. 'oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver'<br>
* @param dbserver
* JDBC connect string. e.g.
* 'jdbc:oracle:thin:@203.92.21.109:1526:orcl'<br>
* @param dbuser
* Database login name. e.g. 'Scott'<br>
* @param dbpassword
* Database password. e.g. 'Tiger'<br>
* @param minconns
* Minimum number of connections to start with.<br>
* @param maxconns
* Maximum number of connections in dynamic pool.<br>
* @param logFileString
* Absolute path name for log file. e.g. 'c:/temp/mylog.log' <br>
* @param maxconntime
* Time in hours between connection resets. (Reset does a basic
* cleanup)<br>
*/
public ConnectionPool(String dbdriver, String dbserver, String dbuser,
String dbpassword, int minconns, int maxconns, double maxconntime)
throws IOException {
connPool = new Connection[maxconns];
connStatus = new int[maxconns];
connLockTime = new long[maxconns];
connCreateTime = new long[maxconns];
connID = new String[maxconns];
currConnections = minconns;
this.maxconns = maxconns;
this.dbdriver = dbdriver;
this.dbserver = dbserver;
this.dbuser = dbuser;
this.dbpassword = dbpassword;
maxconnMSec = (int) (maxconntime * 3600 * 1000);
if (maxconnMSec < 60000) { // Recycle no less than 1 minute.
maxconnMSec = 60000;
}
// System.out.println("Starting ConnectionPool:");
// System.out.println("dbdriver = " + dbdriver);
// System.out.println("dbserver = " + dbserver);
// System.out.println("dbuser = " + dbuser);
// System.out.println("minconnections = " + minconns);
// System.out.println("maxconnections = " + maxconns);
// System.out
// .println("Total refresh interval = " + maxconntime + " hours");
// System.out.println("-----------------------------------------");
init();
// Fire up the background housekeeping thread
runner = new Thread(this);
runner.start();
} // End ConnectionPool()
/**
* Initialize the pool of connections with the mininum connections: Problems
* creating connections may be caused during reboot when the servlet is
* started before the database is ready. Handle this by waiting and trying
* again. The loop allows 5 minutes for db reboot.
*/
private void init() throws IOException {
boolean connectionsSucceeded = false;
int dbLoop = 20;
try {
for (int i = 1; i < dbLoop; i++) {
try {
for (int j = 0; j < currConnections; j++) {
createConn(j);
}
connectionsSucceeded = true;
break;
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out
.println("--->Attempt ("
+ String.valueOf(i)
+ " of "
+ String.valueOf(dbLoop)
+ ") failed to create new connections set at startup: ");
System.out.println(" " + e);
System.out.println(" Will try again in 15 seconds...");
try {
Thread.sleep(15000);
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
}
}
}
if (!connectionsSucceeded) { // All attempts at connecting to db
// exhausted
System.out
.println("/r/nAll attempts at connecting to Database exhausted");
throw new IOException();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new IOException();
}
}
private void createConn(int i) throws SQLException {
Date now = new Date();
try {
Class.forName(dbdriver);
connPool[i] = DriverManager.getConnection(dbserver, dbuser,
dbpassword);
connStatus[i] = 0;
connID[i] = connPool[i].toString();
connLockTime[i] = 0;
connCreateTime[i] = now.getTime();
// System.out.println(now.toString() + " Opening connection "
// + String.valueOf(i) + " " + connPool[i].toString() + ":");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
throw new SQLException(e2.getMessage());
}
} // createConn()
/**
* Housekeeping thread. Runs in the background with low CPU overhead.
* Connections are checked for warnings and closure and are periodically
* restarted. This thread is a catchall for corrupted connections and
* prevents the buildup of open cursors. (Open cursors result when the
* application fails to close a Statement). This method acts as fault
* tolerance for bad connection/statement programming.
*/
public void run() {
Statement stmt = null;
String currCatalog = null;
for (;;) {
// Get any Warnings on connections
for (int i = 0; i < currConnections; i++) {
try {
currSQLWarning = connPool[i].getWarnings();
if (currSQLWarning != null) {
System.out.println("Warnings on connection "
+ String.valueOf(i) + " " + currSQLWarning);
connPool[i].clearWarnings();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println("Cannot access Warnings: " + e);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < currConnections; i++) { // Do for each
// connection
long age = System.currentTimeMillis() - connCreateTime[i];
synchronized (connStatus) {
if (connStatus[i] > 0) { // In use, catch it next time!
continue;
}
connStatus[i] = 2; // Take offline (2 indicates
// housekeeping lock)
}
try { // Test the connection with createStatement call
if (age > maxconnMSec) { // Force a reset at the max conn
// time
throw new SQLException();
}
stmt = connPool[i].createStatement();
connStatus[i] = 0; // Connection is O.K.
// log("Connection confirmed for conn = " +
// String.valueOf(i));
// Some DBs return an object even if DB is shut down
if (connPool[i].isClosed()) {
throw new SQLException();
}
// Connection has a problem, restart it
} catch (SQLException e) {
try {
// System.out.println(new Date().toString()
// + " ***** Recycling connection "
// + String.valueOf(i) + ":");
connPool[i].close();
createConn(i);
} catch (SQLException e1) {
System.out.println("Failed: " + e1);
connStatus[i] = 0; // Can't open, try again next time
}
} finally {
try {
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e1) {
}
;
}
}
try {
Thread.sleep(20000); // Wait 20 seconds for next cycle
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// Returning from the run method sets the internal
// flag referenced by Thread.isAlive() to false.
// This is required because we don't use stop() to
// shutdown this thread.
return;
}
} // for(;;)
} // End run
/**
* This method hands out the connections in round-robin order. This prevents
* a faulty connection from locking up an application entirely. A browser
* 'refresh' will get the next connection while the faulty connection is
* cleaned up by the housekeeping thread. If the min number of threads are
* ever exhausted, new threads are added up the the max thread count.
* Finally, if all threads are in use, this method waits 2 seconds and tries
* again, up to ten times. After that, it returns a null.
*/
public Connection getConnection() {
Connection conn = null;
if (available) {
boolean gotOne = false;
for (int outerloop = 1; outerloop <= 10; outerloop++) { // try ten
// times to
// find one.
try {
int loop = 0;
int roundRobin = connLast + 1;
if (roundRobin >= currConnections) {
roundRobin = 0;
}
do {
synchronized (connStatus) {
if ((connStatus[roundRobin] < 1)
&& (!connPool[roundRobin].isClosed())) {
conn = connPool[roundRobin];
connStatus[roundRobin] = 1;
connLockTime[roundRobin] = System
.currentTimeMillis();
connLast = roundRobin;
gotOne = true;
break;
} else {
loop++;
roundRobin++;
if (roundRobin >= currConnections) {
roundRobin = 0;
}
}
}
} while ((gotOne == false) && (loop < currConnections));
} catch (SQLException e1) {
}
if (gotOne) {
break; // break the outer loop
} else {
synchronized (this) { // Add new connections to the pool
if (currConnections < maxconns) {
try {
createConn(currConnections);
currConnections++;
} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out
.println("Unable to create new connection: "
+ String
.valueOf(currConnections - 1));
System.out.println("Exception : " + e);
}
} // if
} // synchronized
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
System.out
.println("-----> Connections Exhausted! Will wait and try "
+ "again in outer loop "
+ String.valueOf(outerloop));
}
} // End of try 10 times loop
} else { // not available
System.out
.println("Unsuccessful getConnection() request during destroy()");
} // End if(available)
return conn;
}
/**
* Returns the local JDBC ID for a connection. if there's not the connection
* int the pool return -1
*/
public int idOfConnection(Connection conn) {
int match;
String tag;
try {
tag = conn.toString();
} catch (NullPointerException e1) {
tag = "none";
}
match = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < currConnections; i++) {
if (connID[i].equals(tag)) {
match = i;
break;
}
}
return match;
}
/**
* Frees a connection. Replaces connection back into the main pool for
* reuse.
*/
public String freeConnection(Connection conn) {
String res = "";
int thisconn = idOfConnection(conn);
if (thisconn >= 0) {
connStatus[thisconn] = 0;
res = "freed " + conn.toString();
// log("Freed connection " + String.valueOf(thisconn) +
// " normal exit: ");
} else {
System.out.println("----> Could not free connection!!!"
+ "Try to close it directly");
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
}
}
return res;
}
/**
* Returns the age of a connection -- the time since it was handed out to an
* application.
*/
public long getAge(Connection conn) { // Returns the age of the connection
// in millisec.
int thisconn = idOfConnection(conn);
return System.currentTimeMillis() - connLockTime[thisconn];
}
/**
* Shuts down the housekeeping thread and closes all connections in the
* pool. Call this method from the destroy() method of the servlet.
* Multi-phase shutdown. having following sequence:
* <OL>
* <LI><code>getConnection()</code> will refuse to return connections.
* <LI>The housekeeping thread is shut down.<br>
* Up to the time of <code>millis</code> milliseconds after shutdown of
* the housekeeping thread, <code>freeConnection()</code> can still be
* called to return used connections.
* <LI>After <code>millis</code> milliseconds after the shutdown of the
* housekeeping thread, all connections in the pool are closed.
* <LI>If any connections were in use while being closed then a
* <code>SQLException</code> is thrown.
* <LI>The log is closed.
* </OL>
* <br>
* Call this method from a servlet destroy() method.
*
* @param millis
* the time to wait in milliseconds.
* @exception SQLException
* if connections were in use after <code>millis</code>.
*/
public void destroy(int millis) throws SQLException {
// Checking for invalid negative arguments is not necessary,
// Thread.join() does this already in runner.join().
// Stop issuing connections
available = false;
// Shut down the background housekeeping thread
runner.interrupt();
// Wait until the housekeeping thread has died.
try {
runner.join(millis);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
} // ignore
// The housekeeping thread could still be running
// (e.g. if millis is too small). This case is ignored.
// At worst, this method will throw an exception with the
// clear indication that the timeout was too short.
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// Wait for freeConnection() to return any connections
// that are still used at this time.
int useCount;
while ((useCount = getUseCount()) > 0
&& System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime <= millis) {
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
} // ignore
}
// Close all connections, whether safe or not
for (int i = 0; i < currConnections; i++) {
try {
connPool[i].close();
} catch (SQLException e1) {
System.out.println("Cannot close connections on Destroy");
}
}
if (useCount > 0) {
// bt-test successful
String msg = "Unsafe shutdown: Had to close " + useCount
+ " active DB connections after " + millis + "ms";
System.out.println(msg);
// Throwing following Exception is essential because servlet authors
// are likely to have their own error logging requirements.
throw new SQLException(msg);
}
} // End destroy()
/**
* Less safe shutdown. Uses default timeout value. This method simply calls
* the <code>destroy()</code> method with a <code>millis</code> value of
* 10000 (10 seconds) and ignores <code>SQLException</code> thrown by that
* method.
*
* @see #destroy(int)
*/
public void destroy() {
try {
destroy(10000);
} catch (SQLException e) {
}
}
/**
* Returns the number of connections in use.
*/
// This method could be reduced to return a counter that is
// maintained by all methods that update connStatus.
// However, it is more efficient to do it this way because:
// Updating the counter would put an additional burden on the most
// frequently used methods; in comparison, this method is
// rarely used (although essential).
public int getUseCount() {
int useCount = 0;
synchronized (connStatus) {
for (int i = 0; i < currConnections; i++) {
if (connStatus[i] > 0) { // In use
useCount++;
}
}
}
return useCount;
} // End getUseCount()
/**
* Returns the number of connections in the dynamic pool.
*/
public int getSize() {
return currConnections;
} // End getSize()
public static void main(String[] args) {
String driver = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
String server = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/elearning?autoReconnect=true";
String dbuser = "root";
String dbpassword = "";
int minconn = 5;
int maxconn = 20;
double maxconntime = 0.1D;
try {
ConnectionPool p = new ConnectionPool(driver, server, dbuser,
dbpassword, minconn, maxconn, maxconntime);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} // end class
************************************************************************************
package com.wxpn.tutorial.db;
import java.io.*;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import org.w3c.dom.*;
/**
* 描述: 数据库连接类
*
* * @version 1.0
*/
public class DB {
static String driver = "org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver";
static String server = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/learnjsp?autoReconnect=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
static String dbuser = "root";
static String dbpassword = "";
static int minconn = 5;
static int maxconn = 20;
static double maxconntime = 0.1D;
static ConnectionPool p = null;
/**
* Create a connectionpool
*/
public static ConnectionPool getConnPool() {
try {
if (p == null) {
p = new ConnectionPool(driver, server, dbuser, dbpassword,
minconn, maxconn, maxconntime);
}
return p;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConnectionPool connPool = DB.getConnPool();
Connection conn = connPool.getConnection();
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
int nextMessageid = 0;
String relative_path = null;
String sql = "select * from userinfo";
stmt = conn.createStatement();
// stmt.addBatch(sql);
// sql = "insert into
// mms_user(messageid,emailid,messagename,sender,coypto,bcc,sendtime,size,totalnumber,priority,remark,content)
// values('7','1','Fw: 中文标识
// 57567567','<wxn1@localhost>','<12121@localhost>','','Sun Oct 03
// 14:30:13 CST 2004','114421','2','3','','')";
sql = new String(sql.getBytes("gb2312"), "8859_1");
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getString("UserName"));
}
} catch (SQLException sqlExc) {
sqlExc.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
}
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
}
connPool.freeConnection(conn);
System.out.println("free connection!");
} catch (SQLException sqlExc) {
sqlExc.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
******************************************************************
package com.wxpn.tutorial.db;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DBConnect {
private Connection conn = null;
private Statement stmt = null;
private PreparedStatement prepstmt = null;
private ConnectionPool connPool = null;
void init() {
connPool = DB.getConnPool();
conn = connPool.getConnection();
}
/**
* 构造数据库的连接和访问类
*/
public DBConnect() throws Exception {
init();
stmt = conn.createStatement();
}
/**
* PreparedStatement
*
* @return sql 预设SQL语句
*/
public void prepareStatement(String sql) throws SQLException {
prepstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
}
/**
* 设置对应值
*
* @param index
* 参数索引
* @param value
* 对应值
*/
public void setString(int index, String value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setString(index, value);
}
public void setInt(int index, int value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setInt(index, value);
}
public void setBoolean(int index, boolean value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setBoolean(index, value);
}
public void setDate(int index, Date value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setDate(index, value);
}
public void setLong(int index, long value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setLong(index, value);
}
public void setFloat(int index, float value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setFloat(index, value);
}
public void setBytes(int index, byte[] value) throws SQLException {
prepstmt.setBytes(index, value);
}
/**
* 执行SQL语句返回字段集
*
* @param sql
* SQL语句
* @return ResultSet 字段集
*/
public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws SQLException {
if (stmt != null) {
return stmt.executeQuery(sql);
} else
return null;
}
public ResultSet executeQuery() throws SQLException {
if (prepstmt != null) {
return prepstmt.executeQuery();
} else
return null;
}
/**
* 执行SQL语句
*
* @param sql
* SQL语句
*/
public void executeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException {
if (stmt != null)
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
}
public void executeUpdate() throws SQLException {
if (prepstmt != null)
prepstmt.executeUpdate();
}
/**
* 关闭连接
*/
public void close() throws Exception {
if (stmt != null) {
stmt.close();
stmt = null;
}
if (prepstmt != null) {
prepstmt.close();
prepstmt = null;
}
if (conn != null) {
connPool.freeConnection(conn);
}
}
}
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