NumPy(二)：数组的计算

a.数组与数的计算

import numpy as np
data1 = np.arange(9).reshape((3,3))
print('\ndata1:\n',data1)

data1:
 [[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

data3 = data1 + 1
print(data3)
[[1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]
 [7 8 9]]

data4 = data1 - 1
print(data4)
[[-1  0  1]
 [ 2  3  4]
 [ 5  6  7]]

data5 = data1 * 2
print(data5)
[[ 0  2  4]
 [ 6  8 10]
 [12 14 16]]

data6 = data1 / 2
print(data6)
[[0.  0.5 1. ]
 [1.5 2.  2.5]
 [3.  3.5 4. ]]

b.数组与数组的计算

import numpy as np
data1 = np.arange(9).reshape((3,3))
data2 = np.array([[1,2,3],[1,2,3],[1,2,3]])
print('\ndata1:\n',data1)
print('\ndata2:\n',data2)

data1:
 [[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

data2:
 [[1 2 3]
 [1 2 3]
 [1 2 3]]

data3 = data1 + data2
data4 = data1 * data2  #对应坐标相乘
data5 = data1 / data2
print(data3)
[[ 1  3  5]
 [ 4  6  8]
 [ 7  9 11]]
 
print(data4)
[[ 0  2  6]
 [ 3  8 15]
 [ 6 14 24]]
 
print(data5)
[[0.         0.5        0.66666667]
 [3.         2.         1.66666667]
 [6.         3.5        2.66666667]]

c.矩阵的计算

数组转化为矩阵
np.mat()

data3 = np.mat(data2)
print(data3)

matrix([[1, 2, 3],
        [1, 2, 3],
        [1, 2, 3]])

np.matmul()
np.dot()

import numpy as np
data1 = np.arange(9).reshape((3,3))
data2 = np.array([[1,2,3],[1,2,3],[1,2,3]])
print('\ndata1:\n',data1)
print('\ndata2:\n',data2)

data1:
 [[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

data2:
 [[1 2 3]
 [1 2 3]
 [1 2 3]]

data3 = np.matmul(data1,data2)
data4 = np.dot(data1,data2)

print(data3)
array([[ 3,  6,  9],
       [12, 24, 36],
       [21, 42, 63]])
print(data4)
array([[ 3,  6,  9],
       [12, 24, 36],
       [21, 42, 63]])

d.numpy中的常用统计函数

函数名	说明
求和	t.sum(axis = None)
均值	t.mean(a,axis = None )
中值	np.median(t,axis = None)
最大值	t.max(axis = None)
最小值	t.min(axis = None)
极值	np.ptp(t,axis = None)
标准差	t.std(axis = None)
方差	t.var(axis = None)

import numpy as np
data1 = np.arange(9).reshape((3,3))
print(data1)

[[0 1 2]
 [3 4 5]
 [6 7 8]]

求和：

print(np.sum(data1))
36

print(np.sum(data1,axis = 0)) #纵向求和 data1.sum(axis=0)
[ 9 12 15]

print(np.sum(data1,axis = 1)) #横向求和
[ 3 12 21]

求均值

print(np.mean(data1))
4.0

print(np.mean(data1,axis = 0)) #纵向求均值
[3. 4. 5.]

print(np.mean(data1,axis = 1)) #横向求均值
[1. 4. 7.]

最大值

print(np.max(data1))
8

print(data1.max(axis=0))
[6 7 8]

print(data1.max(axis=1))
[2 5 8]

标准差

print(np.std(data2))
0.816496580927726

print(data2.std(axis=1))
[0.81649658 0.81649658 0.81649658]

print(data2.std(axis=0))
[0. 0. 0.]

高纬度运算