Java多线程场景模拟(1)

1.业务场景简介

    保存用户个人设置，一个用户在a表中只能存在一条记录，用户修改记录时，检查如果该记录存在，则修改该数据，如果该记录不存在，则插入一条记录。

2. 问题说明

    多线程情况下，会出现一个用户在表中有多条记录存在的情况。

3. 原因解释

    比如说并发两个线程A和线程B， 线程A检查记录不存在，准备插入记录，这时CPU切换到线程B，这是线程B检查记录仍是不存在，线程B插入一条数据，线程B结束。然后CPU切换到线程A，A继续插入记录，这是数据库就会有两条记录。

package com.salen.test;

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

public class MultiThreadTest {

	//计数器，记录插入次数
	static AtomicInteger num = new AtomicInteger(0);
	
	//记录是否存在， 模拟数据库记录，表示某条信息是否存在
	static boolean exist = false;
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		//起20个线程，同时执行检查插入操作
		for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
			new Thread(new Runnable() {
				@Override
				public void run() {
					try {
						MultiThreadTest test = new MultiThreadTest();
						test.generate();
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
			}).start();
		}
		
	}
	
	
	/**
	 * 模拟修改一条数据
	 * 		先去检查该数据是否存在，
	 * 		如果该记录存在，则修改该数据，如果数据不存在，则插入一条新的数据
	 * @throws InterruptedException 
	 */
	private void generate() throws InterruptedException{
		
		if(exist){
			Thread.sleep(1000); // 处理业务 100毫秒
			System.out.println("record has exist..., update it ");
		}else{
			Thread.sleep(100); // 处理业务 100毫秒
			System.out.println("record not exist..., insert into it, time = " + num.incrementAndGet());
			exist = true;
		}
		
	}
	
}

测试结果

record not exist..., insert into it, time = 2
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 3
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 1
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 4
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 5
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 6
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 7
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 8
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 10
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 9
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 11
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 12
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 13
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 14
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 15
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 17
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 16
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 18
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 19
record not exist..., insert into it, time = 20