最基本的Socket通信

“一切皆Socket！”

话虽些许夸张，但是事实也是，现在的网络编程几乎都是用的socket。

——有感于实际编程和开源项目研究。

Socket是网络通信的一种方式，它的原理和详解，作为一个职场小白，我也了解得不是很透彻，在这里就不妄加论述了，只是说说socket最基本的用法。

首先是服务端：

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Socket通信的工具类(服务端)
 * Created by 禽兽先生
 * Created on 2016.03.06
 */
public class Server {
	private static Server server;
	private static ServerSocket mServerSocket;
	private Socket socket;
	/* 服务器端口 */
	private final static int SERVER_HOST_PORT = 服务器端口号;
	
	/**
	 * 单例模式
	 */
	public static Server getInstance() {
		if (server == null) {
			server = new Server();
		}
		return server;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 打开Socket通道,等待客户端连接
	 */
	private static ServerSocket getServerSocket() {
		if (mServerSocket == null) {
			try {
				mServerSocket = new ServerSocket(SERVER_HOST_PORT);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return mServerSocket;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 打开Socket通道,循环等待客户端连接
	 */
	public void connect() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		try {
			mServerSocket = getServerSocket();
			Log.i("daolema", "socket已开启,等待连接");
			while (true) {
				socket = mServerSocket.accept();
				if (socket.isConnected()) {
					Log.i("daolema", "socket连接成功");
					break;
				}
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 断开Socket连接
	 */
	public void disconnect() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		try {
			if (socket != null && socket.isConnected()) {
				socket.close();
				mServerSocket.close();
				Log.i("daolema", "socket断开了");
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 读取固定长度的流,返回byte[]
	 */
	public byte[] read() {
		try {
			if (!socket.isConnected()) {
				socket = mServerSocket.accept();
			}
			InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
			return readBytes(is, 4);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 读取指定长度的流,返回byte[]
	 */
	public byte[] read(int length) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		try {
			if (!socket.isConnected()) {
				socket = mServerSocket.accept();
			}
			InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
			return readBytes(is, length);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 从socket读byte数组
	 * @param in
	 * @param length
	 * @return
	 */
	public static byte[] readBytes(InputStream in, long length) {
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
		int read = 0;
		while (read < length) {
			int cur = 0;
			try {
				cur = in.read(buffer, 0, (int) Math.min(1024, length - read));
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if (cur < 0) {
				break;
			}
			read += cur;
			baos.write(buffer, 0, cur);
		}
		return baos.toByteArray();
	}
}

客户端：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Socket通信的工具类(客户端)
 * Created by 禽兽先生 
 * Created on 2016.03.06
 */
public class Client {
	private static Client mClient;
	private static Socket mSocket;
	// 要连接的服务器IP地址
	private static final String HOST_ADDRESS = 服务器IP地址;
	// 要连接的服务器端口号
	private static final int HOST_PORT = 服务器端口号;

	/**
	 * 单例模式
	 */
	public static Client getInstance() {
		if (mClient == null) {
			mClient = new Client();
		}
		return mClient;
	}

	/**
	 * 打开Socket通道,连接服务器
	 */
	private static Socket getSocket() {
		if (mSocket == null) {
			try {
				mSocket = new Socket(HOST_ADDRESS, HOST_PORT);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return mSocket;
	}

	/**
	 * 打开Socket通道,连接服务器
	 */
	public void connect() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		mSocket = getSocket();
		Log.i("daolema", "socket成功连接");
	}

	/**
	 * 断开Socket连接
	 */
	public void disconnect() {
		if (mSocket != null && mSocket.isConnected()) {
			try {
				mSocket.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 发送byte[]
	 */
	public void send(byte[] bytes) {
		try {
			if (!mSocket.isConnected()) {
				mSocket = getSocket();
			}
			OutputStream os = mSocket.getOutputStream();
			os.write(bytes);
			os.flush();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

需要注意的一点是Socket只能创建一次，保证只有一条通道。这两个类中，传递的数据都是byte[]类型的,传输文件当然是byte[]这个没问题,然后在java中,String也有getBytes[]方法可以转换为byte[],但是其他,比如int类型的数据就需要我们自己转换了,这里面有int和byte[]互转的方法。

http://blog.csdn.net/zgcqflqinhao/article/details/53256862

这里介绍的只是Socket最基本的用法，建立最基本的Socket通信，传递byte[]类型数据,作为我自己的工具类,如有更多需要,要扩展起来也很方便