java的算术右移（>>）与逻辑右移（>>>）

运算符“>>”执行算术右移，它使用最高位填充移位后左侧的空位。右移的结果为：每移一位，第一个操作数被2除一次，移动的次数由第二个操作数确定。

逻辑右移或叫无符号右移运算符“>>>“只对位进行操作，没有算术含义，它用0填充左侧的空位。

算术右移不改变原数的符号，而逻辑右移不能保证这点。

移位运算符约简其右侧的操作数，当左侧操作数是int类型时，右侧以32取模；当左侧是long类型时，右侧以64取模。

测试代码如下：

public class Test {

	public Test(){
		System.out.println("=============算术右移 >> ===========");
		int i=0xC0000000;
		System.out.println("移位前：i= "+i+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(i)+"(B)");
		i=i>>28;
		System.out.println("移位后：i= "+i+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(i)+"(B)");
		
		System.out.println("---------------------------------");
		
		int j=0x0C000000;
		System.out.println("移位前：j= "+j+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(j)+"(B)");
		j=j>>24;
		System.out.println("移位后：j= "+j+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(j)+"(B)");

		System.out.println("\n");
		System.out.println("==============逻辑右移 >>> =============");
		int m=0xC0000000;
		System.out.println("移位前：m= "+m+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(m)+"(B)");
		m=m >>> 28;
		System.out.println("移位后：m= "+m+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(m)+"(B)");
		
		System.out.println("---------------------------------");
		
		int n=0x0C000000;
		System.out.println("移位前：n= "+n+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(n)+"(B)");
		n=n>>24;
		System.out.println("移位后：n= "+n+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(n)+"(B)");
		
		System.out.println("\n");
		System.out.println("==============移位符号的取模===============");
		int a=0xCC000000;
		System.out.println("移位前：a= "+a+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(a)+"(B)");
		System.out.println("算术右移32：a="+(a>>32)+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(a>>32)+"(B)");
		System.out.println("逻辑右移32：a="+(a>>>32)+" = "+Integer.toBinaryString(a>>>32)+"(B)");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		new Test();
	}
}

运行结果：

=============算术右移 >> ===========
移位前：i= -1073741824 = 11000000000000000000000000000000(B)
移位后：i= -4 = 11111111111111111111111111111100(B)
---------------------------------
移位前：j= 201326592 = 1100000000000000000000000000(B)
移位后：j= 12 = 1100(B)


==============逻辑右移 >>> =============
移位前：m= -1073741824 = 11000000000000000000000000000000(B)
移位后：m= 12 = 1100(B)
---------------------------------
移位前：n= 201326592 = 1100000000000000000000000000(B)
移位后：n= 12 = 1100(B)


==============移位符号的取模===============
移位前：a= -872415232 = 11001100000000000000000000000000(B)
算术右移32：a=-872415232 = 11001100000000000000000000000000(B)
逻辑右移32：a=-872415232 = 11001100000000000000000000000000(B)