WinForm中防页面假死的loading提示

如果在WinForm中执行一个长时间操作时，窗体就会被锁死，直到操作完成，对于操作者的体验就是死锁状态，那在.NET（.net 5以后）中，怎么实现一个并发，等待，且同步操作信息窗口呢？

第一步：首先定义一个等待窗体，为了有明确的提示，做一个等待的gif图，同步有提示信息。

using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace AliWorkbench.Load
{
    partial class LoadingFrm
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows Form Designer generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager resources = new System.ComponentModel.ComponentResourceManager(typeof(LoadingFrm));
            this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();
            this.labMessage = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pictureBox1)).BeginInit();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // pictureBox1
            // 
            this.pictureBox1.Image = ((System.Drawing.Image)(resources.GetObject("pictureBox1.Image")));
            this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(171, 12);
            this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";
            this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(148, 136);
            this.pictureBox1.SizeMode = System.Windows.Forms.PictureBoxSizeMode.Zoom;
            this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 0;
            this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;
            // 
            // labMessage
            // 
            this.labMessage.AutoSize = true;
            this.labMessage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(169, 196);
            this.labMessage.Name = "labMessage";
            this.labMessage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(137, 12);
            this.labMessage.TabIndex = 1;
            this.labMessage.Text = "正在加载中，请等待……";
            // 
            // LoadingFrm
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(513, 248);
            this.Controls.Add(this.labMessage);
            this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);
            this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.None;
            this.Name = "LoadingFrm";
            this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterScreen;
            this.Text = "Loading";
            this.TopMost = true;

            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.pictureBox1)).EndInit();
            this.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.PerformLayout();

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label labMessage;
    }
}

为了外部的实时更新提示信息，定义一个Message属性，来更新内容的提示信息控件，这里用的是this.Invoke，因为UI线程有可能与执行线程不相同。同理，当关闭窗体时，也需要处理一下。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace AliWorkbench.Load
{
    public partial class LoadingFrm : Form
    {
        public LoadingFrm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        public string Message
        {
            set
            {
                if (labMessage.InvokeRequired)
                {
                    Action action = delegate () { labMessage.Text = value; };
                    labMessage.Invoke(action);
                }
            }


        }

        public void CloseAll()
        {

            if (this.InvokeRequired)
            {
                //这里利用委托进行窗体的操作，避免跨线程调用时抛异常，后面给出具体定义
                CONSTANTDEFINE.SetUISomeInfo UIinfo = new CONSTANTDEFINE.SetUISomeInfo(new Action(() =>
                {
                    while (!this.IsHandleCreated)
                    {
                        ;
                    }
                    if (this.IsDisposed)
                        return;
                    if (!this.IsDisposed)
                    {
                        this.Dispose();
                    }

                }));
                this.Invoke(UIinfo);
            }
            else
            {
                if (this.IsDisposed)
                    return;
                if (!this.IsDisposed)
                {
                    this.Dispose();
                }
            }


        }


    }

    class CONSTANTDEFINE
    {
        public delegate void SetUISomeInfo();
    }


}

第二步：定义一个等待窗体的管理类，主要有三个成员：1、Show()，是在一个线程中；2、Message属性，是设置窗体的属性，这里需要判断窗体是否存在，不存在就等待，其实可以定义重试次数，避免错误调用顺序，设置属性也是在一个线程中执行；3、Close()也是在线程中，也需要判断窗体是否存在。​​​​​​​

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace AliWorkbench.Load
{
    public static class LoadingManage
    {
        static LoadingFrm _loading;
        public static void Show()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                _loading = new LoadingFrm();
                _loading.ShowDialog();
            });
        }
        public static void Close()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                while (_loading == null || _loading.IsDisposed)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(10);
                }
                _loading.CloseAll();
            });
        }
        public static string Message
        {
            set
            {
                while (_loading == null || _loading.IsDisposed)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(10);
                }
                Task.Run(() =>
                {
                    _loading.Message = value;
                });
            }
        }
    }

}

封装后，调用就简单了，如下，首先Show()，然后执行密集服务，在执行过程中，可以更新Message属性，最后执行完就可以Close()了。​​​​​​​

 LoadingManage.Show();
 for (var i = 0; i < 30; i++)
 {
     LoadingManage.Message = $"正在执行第{i}条数据……";
     Thread.Sleep(1000);
 }
 LoadingManage.Close();