css

和xpath选择器比起来,感觉CSS选择器容易一些,跟写.css时方法基本一样,就是在获取内容时和xpath不同,这里需要注意一下.

这里介绍如何用css选择器提取出一篇文章的数据
提取的数据跟xpath那篇文章内容相同
之前xpath中我们获取元素是通过.entry-header h1::text,如果是属性则用.entry-header a::attr(href)
介绍一个常用的函数extract_first()
相当于extract()[0],但是extract()[0]当数组没有元素时,也就是没有获取到数据时会出错,所以用extract_first()方法,也可以加上需要返回的内容,比如空,extract_first("")

title = response.css(".entry-header h1::text").extract_first()
#p可以不加
create_date = response.css("p.entry-meta-hide-on-mobile::text").extract()[0].strip().replace('·','').strip()
#获取点赞数
praise_nums = response.css('#110287votetotal::text').extract()[0]
#获取收藏数
fav_nums = response.css('.btn-bluet-bigger.href-style.bookmark-btn .register-user-only::text ').extract()[0].strip()
match_re = re.match('.*?(\d+).*',fav_nums)
if match_re:
    #获取收藏数
    fav_nums = match_re.group(1)
comment_nums = response.css('.btn-bluet-bigger.href-style.hide-on-480::text').extract()[0].strip()
match_re = re.match('.*?(\d+).*',fav_nums)
if match_re:
    comment_nums = match_re.group(1)
tag_list = response.css('.entry-meta-hide-on-mobile a::text').extract()
content = response.css('div.entry').extract()[0]
tag_list = [element for element in tag_list if not element.strip().endswith('评论')]
tag = ','.join(tag_list)
 
 
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当我们要选择的属性名字有多个时比如下面:

这市在选择时应该用

post_urls = response.css('#archive .post.floated-thumb .post-thumb a::attr(href)').extract()
 
 
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也就是.post.floated-thumb应该连起来,或者只写.floated-thumb

完整代码(准)

def parse_detail(self, response):
    title = response.css(".entry-header h1::text").extract_first()
    create_date = response.css("p.entry-meta-hide-on-mobile::text").extract()[0].strip().replace("·","").strip()
    praise_nums = response.css(".vote-post-up h10::text").extract()[0]
    fav_nums = response.css(".bookmark-btn::text").extract()[0]
    match_re = re.match(".*?(\d+).*", fav_nums)
    if match_re:
        fav_nums = int(match_re.group(1))
    else:
        fav_nums = 0

comment_nums = response.css(<span class="hljs-string">"a[href='#article-comment'] span::text"</span>).extract()[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]
match_re = re.match(<span class="hljs-string">".*?(\d+).*"</span>, comment_nums)
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> match_re:
    comment_nums = int(match_re.group(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>))
<span class="hljs-keyword">else</span>:
    comment_nums = <span class="hljs-number">0</span>

content = response.css(<span class="hljs-string">"div.entry"</span>).extract()[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>]

tag_list = response.css(<span class="hljs-string">"p.entry-meta-hide-on-mobile a::text"</span>).extract()
tag_list = [element <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> element <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> tag_list <span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">not</span> element.strip().endswith(<span class="hljs-string">"评论"</span>)]
tags = <span class="hljs-string">","</span>.join(tag_list)
<span class="hljs-keyword">pass</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style=""><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">1</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">2</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">3</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">4</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">5</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">6</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">7</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">8</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">9</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">10</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">11</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">12</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">13</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">14</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">15</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">16</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">17</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">18</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">19</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">20</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">21</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">22</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">23</li><li style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">24</li></ul></pre>            </div>
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