QualNet收发包过程分析（一）

因项目需要，对QualNet仿真中节点间收发包行为进行了仔细研究，并不断添加一些输出以验证思路。应该说，大致是正确的，可能有些细节研究还不够透彻。对一般的应用协议开发已经够用了，如果想制作一个完整的组件添加进去，还需进一步深入。

以下以发送端节点向接收端节点发送应用层消息为例，介绍QualNet收发包过程。

1. 发送端

1.1 应用层

创建传输层UDP协议消息MSG_TRANSPORT_FromAppSend，添加了信息字段AppToUdpSend，发送（即调度传输层处理该消息）。函数见~/main/app_util.cpp

void APP_UdpSendNewHeaderData(
    Node *node,
    AppType appType,
    NodeAddress sourceAddr,
    short sourcePort,
    NodeAddress destAddr,
    char *header,
    int headerSize,
    char *payload,
    int payloadSize,
    clocktype delay,
    TraceProtocolType traceProtocol)
{
    Message *msg;
    AppToUdpSend *info;
    msg = MESSAGE_Alloc(
              node,
              TRANSPORT_LAYER,
              TransportProtocol_UDP,
              MSG_TRANSPORT_FromAppSend);
    MESSAGE_PacketAlloc(node, msg, payloadSize, traceProtocol);
    memcpy(MESSAGE_ReturnPacket(msg), payload, payloadSize);
    MESSAGE_AddHeader(node, msg, headerSize, traceProtocol);
    memcpy(MESSAGE_ReturnPacket(msg), header, headerSize);
    MESSAGE_InfoAlloc(node, msg, sizeof(AppToUdpSend));
    info = (AppToUdpSend *) MESSAGE_ReturnInfo(msg);
    SetIPv4AddressInfo(&info->sourceAddr, sourceAddr);
    info->sourcePort = sourcePort;
    SetIPv4AddressInfo(&info->destAddr, destAddr);
    info->destPort = (short) appType;
    info->priority = APP_DEFAULT_TOS;
    info->outgoingInterface = ANY_INTERFACE;
    info->ttl = IPDEFTTL;
    MESSAGE_Send(node, msg, delay);
}

1.2 传输层

应用层调度了传输层消息，由~/main/transport.cpp中消息处理函数TRANSPORT_ProcessEvent处理。如下所示，根据消息的协议类型选择具体协议处理，条理清晰。

void TRANSPORT_ProcessEvent(Node * node, Message * msg)
{
    switch (MESSAGE_GetProtocol(msg))
    {
        case TransportProtocol_UDP: 
        {
            TransportUdpLayer(node, msg);
            break;
        }
        case TransportProtocol_TCP: 
        {
            TransportTcpLayer(node, msg);
            break;
        }
        case TransportProtocol_RSVP:
        ......        
    }
}

UDP消息处理函数TransportUdpLayer如下所示，再根据消息类型选择具体处理方式。

void TransportUdpLayer(Node *node,  Message *msg)
{
    switch (msg->eventType)
    {
        case MSG_TRANSPORT_FromNetwork:
        {
            TransportUdpSendToApp(node, msg);
            break;
        }
        case MSG_TRANSPORT_FromAppSend:
        {
            TransportUdpSendToNetwork(node, msg);
            break;
        }
        default:
            assert(FALSE);
            abort();
    }
}

传输层向网络层发送数据，消息类型MSG_TRANSPORT_FromAppSend，调用函数TransportUdpSendToNetwork。在函数中添加了UDP首部TransportUdpHeader，调用网络层函数接收数据包。如下所示。

void TransportUdpSendToNetwork(Node *node, Message *msg)
{
    TransportDataUdp *udp = (TransportDataUdp *) node->transportData.udp;
    TransportUdpHeader *udpHdr;
    AppToUdpSend *info;
    unsigned char protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
    info = (AppToUdpSend *) MESSAGE_ReturnInfo(msg);
    MESSAGE_AddHeader(node, msg, sizeof(TransportUdpHeader), TRACE_UDP);
    udpHdr = (TransportUdpHeader *) msg->packet;
    udpHdr->sourcePort = info->sourcePort;
    udpHdr->destPort = info->destPort;
    udpHdr->length = (unsigned short) MESSAGE_ReturnPacketSize(msg);
    udpHdr->checksum = 0;     
    //调用网络层函数接收数据
    NetworkIpReceivePacketFromTransportLayer(
        node,
        msg,
        info->sourceAddr,
        info->destAddr,
        info->outgoingInterface,
        info->priority,
        pr